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Chapter12 Vocabulary
Social Studies Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| John Quincy Adams | Monroe's Secretary of State; New England's choice for President |
| Andrew Jackson | a former military hero from Tennessee; the South's choice for President |
| Jackson democracy | the idea of spreading political power to all the people, thereby ensuring majority rule |
| spoils system | the practice of winning candidates giving government jobs to political backers or supporters |
| Sequoya | a brilliant Cherokee that invented a writing system for the Cherokee language in 1821 |
| Indian Removal Act | this 1830 act called for the government to negotiate treaties that would require Native Americans to relocate west |
| Indian Territory | present-day Oklahoma and parts of Kansas and Nebraska to which Native Americans were moved under the Indian Removal Act of 1830 |
| Trail of Tears | the tragic journey of the Cherokee people from their homeland to Indian Territory between 1838 and 1839; thousands of Cherokee died |
| Osceola | one of the most important leaders in the war; used surprise attacks to defeat the U.S. Army; tricked into capture when he came to peace talks during a truce and later died in prison |
| John C. Caloun | was elected to the U.S. Congress at the age of 28 and he supported the need for a strong, central government |
| Tariff of Abominations | an 1828 law that raised the tariffs on raw materials and manufactured goods; it upset the Southerners who felt that economic interests of the Northeast were determining national economic policy |
| Doctrine of Nullification | a right of a state to reject a federal law that it considers unconstitutional |
| Webster-Hayne Debate | an 1830 debate between Daniel Webster and Robert Hayne over the doctrine of nullification |
| Daniel Webster | a senator from Massachusetts and the most powerful speaker of his time |
| Secession | withdrawl |
| inflation | an increase in the price of goods and services and a decrease in the value of money |
| Martin Van Buren | vice-president to Jackson and elected president in 1836 |
| Panic of 1837 | a financial crisis in which banks closed and the credit system collapsed |
| depression | a severe economic slump |
| Whig Party | a political party organized in 1834 to oppose the policies of Andrew Jackson |
| William Henry Harrison | in 1840 Whigs hose him to run for president because of his military record and his lack of strong political views; he led the army, defeated the Shawnees in 1811, and ended up winning the election |
| John Tyler | Whigs chose him to run for president but Harrison was more popular, so he ended up losing the election |
Created by:
cassie35915
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