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Chapter 49
preparing for minor surgery
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Antiseptic | an agent that will prevent the growth or arrest the development of microorganisms. |
| Aseptic technique | performing tasks without contamination of organisms. The process of maintaining sterility throughout a surgical procedure. |
| Contamination | to place in contact with microorganism |
| Fenestrated | having a window or opening |
| Forceps | an instrument used to grasp tissue and to clamp blood vessels |
| Hemostat | a type of forceps |
| Microbial | related to microbes |
| Microorganism | a microscopic living body not perceivable by the naked eye |
| Needle holder | instrument used to hold a suture needle during the suturing process |
| Pre-operative (pre-op) | the preparatory period preceding surgery |
| Post-operative (post-op) | after or following a surgical procedure |
| Ratchet | locking mechanism of an instrument |
| Retractor | instrument used to hold back tissue making the operative site easier to visualize |
| Scrub | specific and thorough hand washing procedure performed for 6 minutes before taking part in any sterile surgical procedure |
| Serrations | etchings located on the blades of an instrument to keep it from slipping |
| Speculum | an instrument that permits viewing inside a body cavity |
| Strikethrough | condition in which fluid is able to penetrate through a drape |
| Surgical asepsis | techniques used to destroy all pathogenic organisms before they can enter the body |
| What are the three instrument classifications | Cutting and dissecting clamping and grasping dilating, visualizing, and probing and visualizing |
| List five guidelines to follow when draping a patient | drape from sterile to unsterile, do not shake, flip, or fan drape, do not reach across a sterile drape, discard drapes that have been contaminated, do not move sterile drape once it is placed, |
| What is the order of procedures to prepare the skin for surgery | Cleanse, shave, rinse, apply antiseptic solution, and drape |
| Medical asepsis hand washing between patients is how long | 15 seconds |
| Name the common chemical agents | glutaraldehyde, chlorine dioxide, and sodium hypochlorite |
| Chemical agents | the instruments should be equally exposed to the sterilant. Clamps, needles holders, and scissors should be sterilized in open position, all other instruments should be done according to manufacture instructions. |
| Autoclave | renders sterility by a combination of steam and pressure |
| Dry heat | This sterilization is accomplished by raising the temperature of surgical instruments to the designated temperature that renders it sterile |
| Gas sterilization | This sterilization occurs with ethylene oxide |
| Most common positions for in office surgeries | Horizontal recumbent or supine, prone, sims', fowler's, knee-chest, lithotomy, dorsal recumbent, proctologic, |
| A fenestrated sheet is one that has a | a. fold b. pleat c. stain d. opening |
| Autoclaved items remain sterile for ________ if they have been properly processed and protected from moisture. | a. 3 days b. 30 days c. 3 weeks d. 3 months |
| To reduce the possibility of infection from a surgical procedure, skin preparation includes: | a. cleaning the site with a soapy solution b. shaving the skin c. applying antiseptic solution d. all of the above |
| Before a surgical procedure can be preformed, you must obtain a: | a. signed consent form b. verbal authorization c. medical history d. medication list |
| The sterile tray should be set up: | a. just before the provider enters the room b. prior to the patients entering the room c. 30 minutes before the procedure d. while the patient is gowning |
| The mayo stand should be adjusted to: | a. waist level b. hip level c. be level with the countertop d. be level with the exam table |
| During skin prep, avoid nicking the skin because this could cause a: | a. rough surface b. infection c. irritation d. redness |
| Thumb handle | A handle similar to that of a tweezer that is squeezed between the thumb and finger |
| Ratchet | Locking mechanism designed to close in varying degrees to hold the intrument closed, used to clamp tissue and vessels |
| Ring handle | Designed so that the thumb and finger can be inserted into the ring |
| Serrations | Little fissure engraved into the surface of the blades of hemostats and forceps designed to prevent slippage and provide a firm grip when clamping a tissue. |
| Teeth | Very sharp projections designed to hold the tissue when grasping. Teeth can be heavy or delicate, and some are classified as non-traumatic |
| Cutting and dissecting | Includes scissors, scalpels, and curettes |
| Clamping and grasping | Includes hemostats, clamps, forceps, and needle holders |
| Dilating, probing and visualizing | Includes retractors, scopes, specula, probes and dilators |
Created by:
nessaj23
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