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Histology: Bone
WVSOM: Bone
Question | Answer |
---|---|
4 cells types found in bone | Ostoecytes, Osteoblast, osteoclast, osteoprogenerators |
What is primary bone | immature bone. Collagen runs in random directions, low mineral count, and uneven stain |
What is Secondary bone | mature bone. Deeply acidiphilic, organized, and resembles a "bulls-eye" |
2 types of secondary bone | Compact and spongy |
Describe the composition of spongy bone | made up of spicles and traneculae. |
What ability does spongy bone have and what gives it this ability | Ability to handle change and/or adjust to external stress. Trabeculae gives it this ability |
What is the periosteum | noncalcified covering of the outside of the bone |
What are Sharpeys fibers and where are they found | These hold the periosteum to the bone. Found in the periosteum |
Is the periosteum vascular | YES |
What are the two parts of the periosteum | OUter fibrous layer and inner osteogenic layer |
What is the endosteum | bone's cell lining that covers all of the interior surfaces of the bone |
What does the endosteum NOT include | osteocytes |
Describe the structure of an osteon | Haversian system surrounded by matirx in a circumfrential pattern. |
What interconnects the various osteons in bone | Volkmans canal |
What makes up the organic matrix called osteoid | ground substance is proteoglycans and glycoproteins. GAG's. Osteonectin and osteocalcin |
What causes osteoid to be mineralized | deposition of crystals of hydroxapatite |
Which type of ossification occurs in most bones | Endochondral |
Which type of ossification uses a cartilage model | Endochondral |
Which type of ossificatin makes frontal and parietal bones | Intramembranous |
Which type of ossification uses condensed mesenchyme to differentiate into osteoblast | Intramembranous |
In which type of ossification does primary immature bone turn to secondary bone by use of osteoclast | Intramembranous |
Where does bone remodeling take place | at the BMU's (Bone remodeling units) |
How does bone remodeling work | Osteoblast recieve a signal and then signal to the osteoclast to start working |
What function does bone remodeling serve | retains shape, size, architecture and repairs minor stress fractures |
What is osteomalacia | a calcium or vitamin D deficency in adults. Characterized by decalcification of bones |
What is osteoporosis | decrease in bone mass and quantity associated with a normal ratio of mineral to matirx. Caused by decreased formation and increase reabsorbtion. |
What can cause osteoporosis | lack of physycial stress, less GH, in women less estrogen |
Osteochondrodysplasia | extreme bending of long bones |