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The Roman Republic
Vocab words for 7th Grade Social Studies - Ch. 10
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Aeneas | mythical hero who fled the fallen city of Troy for Italy in a journey chronicled in Virgil's "Aeneid" |
Romulus and Remus | mythical twin brothers who are said to have founded Rome |
republic | government led by rulers elected by the citizens |
dictator | ruler with almost absolute power, elected during time of war |
Cincinnatus | famous dictator who chose not to retain his power |
plebeians | Rome's common people, including artisans, craftsmen, and traders |
patricians | wealthy, noble people of Rome |
magistrates | officials elected to fulfill specific duties for the city |
consuls | most powerful elected officials in the Roman Republic |
Roman Senate | a powerful group of wealthy citizens who advised elected officials |
veto | to prohibit an official action |
Latin | language spoken by the ancient Romans |
checks and balances | methods of balancing power |
forum | Rome's public meeting place |
legions | groups of up to 6,000 soldiers |
Punic Wars | a series of wars between Rome and Carthage |
Hannibal | brilliant Carthaginian general who attacked the city of Rome |
Gaius Marius | general who tried to solve unemployment by inviting poor people to join the army, creating a force more loyal to him than to Rome |
Lucius Cornelius Sulla | rival of Marius who raised his own army to defeat Marius and take control of Rome |
Spartacus | slave and former gladiator who led an uprising of slaves |