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Vocabulary 1
European Colonization of North America
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| economy | the way a community obtains the goods it needs to survive, can be money-based, barter, etc |
| smuggling | to illegally bring goods into a country without paying taxes |
| proprietary colony | a colony that was owned by a company or individual |
| backcountry | area west of the Appalachian Mountains |
| mercantilism | colonies were created to make the 'mother country' rich, colonists were employees and were only allowed to trade with the 'mother country' |
| Appalachian Mountains | dividing line between the settled area of the colonies and backcountry |
| royal colony | a colony that belonged to the King, who collected the profits it made |
| charter | permission from the government to create a colony, included its boundries |
| indentured servant | person who signs a contract to work for someone in the New World in exchange for passage and a new life |
| joint-stock company | a business arrangement in which investors put in money to create and run colonies with the hope they will earn a profit |
| dissident | a person who peaks against a government or its policies |
| Pilgrims (Separatists) | settlers that left England because of religious persecution, settled in Plymouth Massachusetts |
| Mayflower Compact | agreement between Separatists and Strangers on the Mayflower to work together to survive, important for self-government and majority rule |
| Puritans | English dissidents who settled New England, held strict religious beliefs that controlled all parts of everyday life |
| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | first written constitution in America; created a formal, written government |
| Roger Williams | former Puritan minister that was exiled from Massachusetts; established Rhode Island |
| Anne Hutchinson | Puritan who was exiled from MA after a trial for heresy for preaching without permission; fled to Rhode Island |
| Thomas Hooker | leader of the Puritan congregation that established Connecitcut |
| subsistence farming | growing only enough good to feed a family |
| Triangular Trade | trade routes between America, Europe and Africa |
| Navigation Acts | laws thaa said colonies were only allowed to grade with Great Britain |
| William Bradford | Separatist leader of the Plymouth colony |
| William Penn | Quaker who founded Pennsylvania as a place for tolerance and peace |
| Quakers | religious group that settled mainly in Pennsylvania and created a colony that was tolerant to Native Americans and other religions |
| cash crops | large amounts of crops that allow a farmer to sell them |
| Toleration Act of 1649 | Maryland's law that was the first to protect religious freedom |
| John Smith | leader of the Jamestown colony; "He that does not work, shall not eat." |
| House of Burgesses | colonial government in Virginia that allowed colonists to choose representatives to speak for them |
| James Oglethrope | founder of Georgia, created it as a refuge for debtors and as protection from the Spanish in Florida |
| indigo | plantation crop whose flowers were used to make a deep blue dye |
| slavery | using humans to do labor without pay |
| colonization | to settle people from your country in a new place to claim its land and resources |
| 'starving time' | period when the Jamestown colon was first established and did not have enough food for all the colonists and disease combined with hunger killed most of them |
| direct democracy | a type of government where people speak for themselves in person, usually on local matters, an example would be town hall meetings |
Created by:
syates
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