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WWII
WWII key concepts & terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| pacifism | not believing in violence |
| appeasement | giving in |
| Axis Powers | Germany Japan Italy |
| Isolationism | Staying out of war with other countries. Staying out of European affairs. |
| Munich Conference | Permitted the annexation of the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia |
| Nonaggression Pact | USSR and Germany would not attack each other (Bought Time) |
| Atlantic Charter | Blueprint for the world after WWII |
| Lend-Lease Act 1941 | US could lend Allies supplies and weapons. |
| Pearl Harbor | Base in Hawaii bombed by Japan. REASON US entered WWII |
| Battle of Midway | Most important Naval battle of WWII - Japan was defeated |
| Holocaust | Nazi plan to enslave and eliminate all jews and others deemed inferior |
| Genocide | Systematic killing of an entire people |
| Battle of Stalingrad | Turning point in WWII: USSR and Allies fought Germany & Axis powers in Stalingrad - Led to surrender of Germany |
| Manhattan Project | project to develop atomic bombs |
| Hiroshima | First Japanese city that was bombed |
| Nagasaki | Second Japanese city that was bombed |
| V-J Day | Victory in Japan Day August 14, 1945 |
| USS Missouri | Where the Peace Treaty was signed |
| Rosie the Riveter | name for all women working in wartime factories |
| Allies | Great Britain, Soviet Union, and the U.S. |
| mobilization | prepare for war |
| Neutrality Acts | not trading with other warring countries |
| cash-and-carry | U.S. would trade with belligerents(friendly countries) if they pick up their own goods and pay immediately in cash |
| FDR "Arsenal of Democracy" | FDR promised to help Great Britain fight Germany by giving them arms "a call to arm and support" |
| War Production Board | Government agency created to oversee the conversion of factories to war production |
| Office of War Information (OWI) | deliver propaganda at home and abroad through broadcasts, newspapers, posters, photograph, films, and other forms of media. |
| Executive Order 8802 | Prohibit racial discrimination in the national defense industry. |
| Bracero Program | Importation of temporary contract laborers (manual laborers) from Mexico to the U.S. |
| Zoot Suit Riots | White mobs attacked Mexican Americans, beginning with the attack in Los Angeles in June 1943. A group of sailors attacked a group wearing zoot suits (fancy, loose fitting outfits with big hats); an example of discrimination again Mexican Americans |
| Navajo Code Talkers | people who used obscure languages as a means of secret communication during wartime. (developed by Native Americans) |
| Korematsu v. U.S. | 1944: concern of constitutionality of Executive Order 9066 (Ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps). The order was found constitutional. |
| Yalta Conference | Feb 4-11, 1945: heads of government of the U.S., Great Britain, and Soviet Union met to discuss Europe's post-war reorganization. |
| GI Bill | a.k.a Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944: a law that provided benefits for returning WWII veterans (e.g. low-cost mortgages, low-interest loans to start a business, cash payment of tuition, etc.) |
| United Nations | Established on Oct. 24, 1945 to promote international co-operation. Replaced the League of Nations. |
| Nuremberg Trials | Trial of Nazi and Japanese leaders charged with "crime against humanity" during World War II |
| Tuskegee Airman | African-American pilots who trained at the Tuskegee Army Air Field in Alabama and had to overcome prejudice as well as the hazards of war |
| "Double V" Campaign | African Americans resolved on a victory over fascism abroad and victory over discrimination at home. |
| D-Day | June 6, 1944 "designated day": American, British, and Canadian troops invaded German-controlled France; the troops crossed the English Channel, landed on and secured 5 beaches in Normandy. Allies began driving through France toward Germany, restorying po |
| Causes of WWII | 1. Global and Economic problems 2. Totalitarian governments 3. Germany's aggression in Europe 4. Japan's aggression in Asia and the Pacific |
| Effects of WWII | 1. 50 million deaths worldwide 2. Widespread destruction of cities and industries 3. The Holocaust 4. Rise of the U.S. to a world power |
| V-E Day | Victory in Europe Day (May 8, 1945) Germans surrendered unconditionally. |
| Executive Order of 9066 | Ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps. |
Created by:
vmaksym
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