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Westward Expansion
Settling the west
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Union Pacific & Central Pacific railroads | Two companies used to build the transcontinental railroad |
| Union Pacific | Laid tracks from Omaha, Nebraska; employed Irish immigrants & former slaves |
| Central Pacific | Began building in California; employed Asian, Chinese, immigrants also known as Coolies |
| Homestead Act | Law that offered free land in the Great Plains to American citizens and immigrants |
| Homesteaders | 21 yrs old, or the female head of house, live on land 5 yrs, & farm the land |
| Exodusters | African American pioneers who settled in Great Plains to avoid discrimination & lack of opportunity in East |
| Transcontinental Railroad | Linked the east and west; allowed people and goods to travel across the country in just a week |
| New technology during homestead period | Windmills, steel plows, & barbed wire |
| Search for gold | Opened new territory, brought thousands of settlers west, led to boomtown & ghost towns |
| Hardships faced by pioneers | Thick sod, grasshoppers (locusts), rough terrain, drought, and harsh weather |
| Battle of Little Bighorn | Custer & all of his force killed by Cheyenne & Lakota |
| Levi Strauss | Invented blue jeans |
| Entrepreneur | A person who starts a new business hoping to make a profit |
| Reservation | Land set aside for Native Americans by federal government |
| Battle of Wounded Knee | Last major battle between US & Native Americans |
| Major cause of the end of cattle drives | Expansion of railroads |
| Geographic hardships faced by settlers traveling west | Mountain ranges (Appalachian & Rocky); rivers (Mississippi, Snake, Colorado, & Columbia); deserts, |
| Manifest Destiny | Belief held by many Americans that the US was destined to stretch from Atlantic to Pacific |
| Indian Removal Act | Passed by US government and used treaties and force to push Native Americans groups from the deep South & Southwest into "Indian Territory" in Oklahoma |
| Snow | Made settlers plan in advance & made travel extremely dangerous or impossible |
| Reason for Chinese Exclusion Act | Chinese immigrants worked for lower wages & competed with Americans for jobs |
| Reason Native Americans were opposed to living on reservations | Far from homelands, couldn't follow bison herds, unaccustomed to climate and new geography |
| Louisiana Purchase | Largest amount of land ever added to the US at one time |
| Cattle drives | Caused conflict between cowboys and homesteaders |
| Results of Mexican-American War | US gained Southwest and California; many US citizens discriminated against Mexicans and forced them off of their property |
| Contributions made by Chinese immigrants in the West during the 1800s | Worked in mining, opened small businesses and employed as railroad workers |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | Ended Chinese immigration to the US for a period of time |
| Chief Joseph | Leader of Nez Perce; surrendered to US Cavalry; declared, "From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more." |
Created by:
pcampbell828
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