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Govt Final Exam 2014
Government Final Exam Spring 2015
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where (in the US Constitution) are the six purposes of the US government found? | Preamble |
| What is the FIRST of the six purposes of the US Government? | Form a more perfect union |
| What is the SECOND of the six purposes of the US Government? | Establish justice |
| What is the THIRD of the six purposes of the US Government? | Promote the General Welfare |
| What is the FOURTH of the six purposes of the US Government? | Provide for the common defense |
| What is the FIFTH of the six purposes of the US Government? | Insure domestic tranquility |
| What is the SIXTH of the six purposes of the US Government? | Secure the Blessings of Liberty |
| Affirmative Action, "Civil Rights" legislation, and the Americans with Disabilities Act promote which purpose of the US Government? | Establish justice |
| Public schools, food stamps, and homeless shelters promote which purpose of the US Government? | Promote the General Welfare |
| Military forces and government defense spending promote which purpose of the US Government? | Provide for the Common Defense |
| The Bill of Rights and other guarantees of freedoms promote which purpose of the US Government? | Secure the Blessings of Liberty |
| Using the National Guard to put down riots and to restore order after natural disasters promotes which purpose of the US Government? | Insure Domestic Tranquility |
| The US Civil War was the biggest threat to which of the six purposes of the US Government? | Form a More Perfect Union |
| Which document, dating back to 1215, gave basic “due process” rights such as a trial by jury? | Magna Carta |
| The Bill of Rights in our U.S. Constitution includes which amendments? | 1 through 10 |
| What type of government does the United States has, in which powers are divided between a central government and state governments? | Federalism |
| In which landmark United States document would one find the phrase “all men are created equal”? | Declaration of Independence |
| What date is given for the approval of the Declaration of Independence? | July 4, 1776 |
| According to Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence, what were the three “natural”, unalienable rights of man according to John Locke (later plagiarized by Thomas Jefferson)? | Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness (property) |
| What are three things NOT protected under free speech? | Obscenity, false advertisement, fighting words, slander |
| What are some examples of protected "symbolic" speech? | Burning a flag, religious symbols, wearing black arm bands |
| In the Eighth Amendment, the people are protected from excessive | bail and fines |
| How many amendments have been added to the Constitution? | 27 |
| Is there a right to privacy specifically written in the Constitution? | NO |
| Does the president have to sign an amendment in order for it to be added to the Constitution? | NO |
| A citizen who firmly believes he has the absolute right to own a gun, would be a strong proponent of which Constitutional Amendment? | SECOND AMENDMENT |
| Which First Amendment religious clause holds that the government cannot interfere with a citizen’s choice of religious beliefs? | Free-exercise clause |
| Which 1st Amendment religious clause holds that the government can never set up a national religion, nor endorse a particular religion? | Establishment clause |
| Which amendment contains the "equal protection clause" and applies the Bill of Rights to the states? | 14th Amendment |
| The 17th Amendment calls for the direct election of WHOM? | SENATORS |
| What does the 5th amendment guarantee? | Due process: no self-incrimination; no double jeopardy, etc |
| If a person is imprisoned illegally and being held unlawfully, the person can have WHAT issued, which would bring them before a judge. | Writ of habeas corpus |
| Spoken false, malicious lies about someone with the vicious intent to cause harm to their reputation or character is known as WHAT? | SLANDER |
| Printing false, malicious lies about someone with the vicious intent to cause harm to their reputation or character is known as WHAT? | LIBEL |
| Powers exercised by the central government that are specifically spelled out in the Constitution are called | EXPRESSED POWERS |
| Which powers are set aside for the state governments to exercise? | RESERVED POWERS |
| Which powers are exercised by both the central and state governments? | CONCURRENT POWERS |
| What power of the president is a general pardon given to a group of people? | AMNESTY |
| What is the nickname given to Clause 18 of the Congressional powers section within the Constitution? (it gets its nickname from the fact that this clause has been stretched to cover the vast variety of implied powers) | ELASTIC CLAUSE |
| Which term means “formal accusation”? | IMPEACHMENT |
| What Constitutional principle ensures that one of the three separated powers cannot become more powerful that the others? | CHECKS AND BALANCES |
| Which powers, exercised by the central government, are not specifically listed in the Constitution, but are hinted at through a vague clause? | IMPLIED POWERS |
| What is the formal accusation called when a grand jury determines that there is enough evidence to place an individual on trial? | INDICTMENT |
| When a person is tried for the same crime a second time after being found innocent after the first trial, it is known as WHAT? | DOUBLE JEOPARDY |
| What is a constituent? | The person represented by an elected official |
| Which power of the president provides legal forgiveness for a crime? | PARDON |
| One of the obligations the central government has to the states is to guarantee a republican form of government…what does that mean? | Representative government |
| What is the significance of Miranda v. Arizona (1966)? | Rights are now read upon arrest |
| What is the significance of Mapp v. Ohio (1961)? | It established the “exclusionary rule” |
| In the Supreme Court case Gideon v. Wainwright, the court ruled WHAT? | Every citizen has a right to an attorney |
| The Constitutional principle of JUDICIAL REVIEW was established by which 1803 case? | Marbury v. Madison |
| In the case of Engel v. Vitale (1962), the Supreme Court held that WHAT? | Prayer in public school is unconstitutional |
| In the case of Texas v. Johnson (1989), the Supreme Court held that flag burning was WHAT? | Protected by the Constitution |
| In the case of Reynolds v. United States (1889), Reynolds was not allowed to marry more than one woman because: | The government may regulate religious practice |
| What is the single most significant long-term force in politics? | Public opinion |
| What IS ONE of three facts regarding Interest Groups? | They are private organizations with members with similar beliefs |
| What is the SECOND of three facts regarding Interest Groups? | They engage in “lobbying” like making campaign donations |
| What is the THIRD of three facts regarding Interest Groups? | They attempt to influence the making of pubic policy |
| What are the two most important GROUPS shaping your “public opinion” according to scientific research? | Schools and family |
| What is a P.A.C.? | Political Action Committee |
| What part of an interest group distributes money to candidates and parties? | Political Action Committee P.A.C. |
| The impact of the mass media on the public agenda can best be described as its ability to tell people WHAT? | What issues to think about |
| The majority of interest groups are founded on the basis of WHAT? | Economic interests |
| What government agency monitors and regulates political campaign contributions? | FEC (Federal Election Commission) |
| Problems developed quickly with electing the president and vice president because the framers of the Constitution could NOT foresee the development of WHAT? | Political parties |
| The Three-Fifths Compromise settled the issued of WHAT? | Counting slaves as part of the state’s population |
| A unicameral legislative system that called for equal representation, and favored the smaller states was known as WHAT? | New Jersey Plan (for writing the CONSTITUTION) |
| Presented by Connecticut, this plan called for a bicameral system with one house based on population and the other based on equal representation…this agreement is known as WHAT? | The Great Compromise |
| What did the “Great Compromise” settle? | Congressional Representation |
| A bicameral system with both legislative house’s representation based on population and wealth favored the large states, and was known as the WHAT? | Virginia Plan |
| What is the main duty of the legislative branch? | To make laws |
| The fact that not all seats are up for election in the Senate at the same time is the reason Senate is often called a: | Continuous body |
| Who has the power to impeach a president? | The House of Representatives |
| Who serves as the jury during an impeachment trial and decides the president’s guilt? | The Senate |
| How many members are currently serving in the Senate? | 100 |
| Who serves as “President” of the Senate? | The Vice President |
| What vote is required to override a president’s veto? | 2/3 of both houses of Congress |
| Who determines the salaries for members of Congress? | Congress |
| How many years is the term of a US Senator? | 6 years |
| How many years is the term of a member of the US House of Representatives? | 2 years |
| What are the constitutional requirements to serve in the House of Representatives? | 25 years old, 7 year citizen, resident of the state |
| What are the constitutional requirements to serve in the Senate? | 30 years old, 9 year citizen, resident of the state |
| How many terms may a member of Congress serve? | Unlimited (as long as they keep winning reelection) |
| When are Congressional elections held? | Tuesday after the first Monday in November, even numbered years |
| The presiding officer in the House of Representatives is called the WHAT? | Speaker of the House |
| The number of seats that each state gets in the House of Representatives is determined by WHAT? | The Census Bureau after a census is taken every 10 years |
| How many members are there currently serving in the House of Representatives? | 435 |
| The most crucial role in the bill process, especially in regards to the fate of each bill, is played by WHAT? | Committees |
| What is the main duty of the executive branch? | To enforce the law |
| What is the way in which the president is elected? | Electoral college system |
| A vice president may take over for the president for ONE of what four reasons? | If the president is experiencing a disability |
| A vice president may take over for the president for the SECOND of what four reasons? | If the president resigns |
| A vice president may take over for the president for THIRD of what four reasons? | If the president has been removed through the process of impeachment |
| A vice president may take over for the president for FOURTH of what four reasons? | If the president dies. |
| Which two presidents were impeached? | Andrew Johnson, Bill Clinton |
| What is the major flaw in the presidential selection process? | The winner of the popular vote can still lose the presidency (like Al Gore in 2000) |
| What has generally happened in the area of Presidential powers over the past 200-plus years? | The presidential powers have actually increased and grown due to different factors |
| How much is the President paid per year? | $400,000 |
| If a presidential candidate does NOT receive the required amount of electoral votes, who decides the election? | House of Representatives |
| What is the main duty of the judicial branch? | To interpret the law |
| The authority to hear a case for the first time is known as WHAT? | Original jurisdiction |
| Can the Supreme Court rule a Constitutional amendment “unconstitutional”? | NO |
| Most of the nation’s court cases are decided by WHOM? | State Courts |
| How many members serve on the U.S. Supreme Court? | 9 |
| Which number would most likely represent the number of cases that the U.S. Supreme Court would hear in any given year? | 80 |
| The authority of a court to review the decisions of an inferior court (essentially hearing a case for at least the second time) and possibly reverse the inferior court’s decision is called WHAT? | Appellate jurisdiction |
| Before a case reaches the U.S. Supreme Court, how many Justices must agree to hear the case first? (It is also known as the “Rule of __?__”. | 4 4 OUT OF 9 |
| What is the term of office for a federal judge? | Life (if good behavior) |
| What is the name given to the body of people (12-23) that convenes to decide if there is enough evidence to justify bringing a person to trial (as mentioned in the 5th Amendment)? | Grand jury |
| A National Judiciary (Court System) was created due to WHAT? | An act of Congress with the 1789 Judiciary Act |
| Who was the person known as the “Father of the Constitution”? | James Madison |
| Who was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence? | Thomas Jefferson |
| Who was the man who served as president of the Constitutional Convention? | George Washington |
| Who was the Federalist who promoted a strong central government; he was the first secretary of the Treasury | Alexander Hamilton |
| Who was the oldest man at the Constitutional Convention? (He acted as a conciliator [mediator]) | Benjamin Franklin |
| Which Branch of government makes the laws? | Legislative Branch |
| Which branch of government enforces the law? | Executive Branch |
| Which branch of government interprets the law? | Judicial Branch |
| What theory states people essentially consent to being governed? | Social Contract Theory |
| What theory states government developed naturally out of the early family? | Evolutionary Theory |
| What theory states that a God gives people (or a family) rights to rule? | Divine Right Theory |
| What theory states a strong-willed individual claimed control of an area and coerced others to submit to his authority? | Force Theory |
Created by:
pdickinson
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