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US HISTORY
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hoovervilles | A "Hooverville" is the popular name for shanty towns built by homeless people during the Great Depression. |
| Lend-Lease Act | was a program under which the United States supplied Great Britain, the USSR, Free France, the Republic of China, and other Allied nations with materiel between 1941 and August 1945. |
| Internment Camps | Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people, commonly in large groups, without trial. |
| Marshall Plan | was the American initiative to aid Europe, in which the United States gave economic support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War II in order to prevent the spread of Soviet Communism. |
| Highway Act of 1956 | With an original authorization of 25 billion dollars for the construction of 41,000 miles (66,000 km) of the Interstate Highway System supposedly over a 10-year period |
| Vietnamization | was a policy of the Richard Nixon administration during the Vietnam War to end the U.S.' involvement in the war and "expand, equip, and train South Vietnam's forces and assign to them an ever-increasing combat role. |
| Containment | Containment was a United States policy to prevent the spread of communism abroad. A component of the Cold War, this policy was a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union to enlarge communist influence. |
| Domino Theory | The domino theory existed from the 1950s to the 1980s. It was promoted at times by the United States government and speculated that if one state in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow. |
| Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | it gave U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson authorization, without a formal declaration of war by Congress, for the use of "conventional'' military force in Southeast Asia. |
| McCarthyism | is the practice of making accusations of disloyalty, subversion, or treason without proper regard for evidence. It also means "the practice of making unfair allegations or using unfair investigative techniques, especially in order to restrict dissent. |
| Red Scare | A Red Scare is the promotion of fear of a potential rise of communism |
| Freedom rides | were civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States in 1961 and following years to challenge the non-enforcement of the United States Supreme Court decisions Irene Morgan v. Commonwealth of Virginia |
| Sit-ins | A sit-in or sit-down is a form of direct action that involves one or more people occupying an area for a protest, often to promote political, social, or economic change. |
| Bus Boycotts | A sit-in or sit-down is a form of direct action that involves one or more people occupying an area for a protest, often to promote political, social, or economic change. |
| Brown v. Board of Education, Topeka | Brown v. Board of Education, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional. |
| SNCC | The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was one of the organizations of the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. |
| SCLC | The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is an African-American civil rights organization. |
| Nation of Islam | The Nation of Islam's stated goals are to improve the spiritual, mental, social, and economic condition of African Americans in the United States and all of humanity. Its critics accuse it of being black supremacist and antisemitic. |
| Black Panthers | a black revolutionary socialist organization active in the United States from 1966 until 1982. |
| The New Frontier | was used by presidential candidate John F. Kennedy in his acceptance speech in the 1960 presidential election as the Democratic slogan to inspire America. The phrase developed into a label for his administration's domestic and foreign programs. |
| The Great Society | Two main goals of the Great Society social reforms were the elimination of poverty and racial injustice. |
| The Manhattan Project | The Manhattan Project was a research and development project that produced the first atomic bombs during World War II. |
| Bay of Pigs Invasion | A counter-revolutionary military, trained and funded by the United States government's Central Intelligence Agency, fronted the armed wing of the Democratic Revolutionary Front and intended to overthrow the revolutionary government of Fidel Castro. |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | was a 13-day confrontation in October 1962 between the Soviet Union and Cuba on one side and the United States on the other side. |
| The Berlin Airlift | was one of the first major international crises of the Cold War. |
| Watergate Scandal | The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal that was a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C., and the Nixon administration's attempted cover-up of its involvement. |
| Roe v. Wade | landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of abortion. Decided that a right to privacy under the due process clause of the 14th Amendment extended to a woman's decision to have an abortion, but that right must be balanced. |
| Reaganomics | refers to the economic policies promoted by U.S. President Ronald Reagan. |
| Vietnam | was a Cold War-era proxy war that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from December 1956. |
| Plessy vs. Ferguson | is a landmark United States Supreme Court decision in the jurisprudence of the United States, upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal" |
| Korematsu vs. The U.S | was a landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship. |
| Brown vs. Topeka Board of Education | was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional. |
| Truman Doctrine | The Truman Doctrine was an international relations policy set forth by the U.S. In a speech which stated that the U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent them from falling into the Soviet sphere. |
| Great Depression | The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in 1930 and lasted until the late 1930s or middle 1940s. |
| The New Deal | The New Deal was a series of domestic programs enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1936, and a few that came later. |
| Gandi | Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was the preeminent leader of Indian nationalism in British-ruled India. |
| Dr. Martin Luther | was an American pastor, activist, humanitarian, and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience based on his Christian beliefs. |
| 18th Amendment | established the prohibition of alcoholic beverages in the United States by declaring the production, transport and sale of alcohol illegal. |
| Fidel Castro | is a Cuban communist revolutionary and politician who was Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and President from 1976 to 2008. |
| Ceasar Chavez | was an American farm worker, labor leader and civil rights activist, who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association |
| Korean War | as a war between the Republic of Korea, supported by the United Nations, and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, at one time supported by China and the Soviet Union. |
| Zero Tolerance | imposes automatic punishment for infractions of a stated rule, with the intention of eliminating undesirable conduct. |
| Rosa Parks | was an African-American civil rights activist, whom the United States Congress called "the first lady of civil rights" and "the mother of the freedom movement". |
| Selma | ??? |
| Civilian Conservation Corps | It was a major part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal that provided unskilled manual labor jobs related to the conservation and development of natural resources in rural lands owned by federal, state and local governments. |
| National Recovery Act | was a law passed by the United States Congress in 1933 to authorize the President to regulate industry in an attempt to raise prices after severe deflation and stimulate economic recovery. |
| Tennessee Valley Authority | to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley, a region particularly affected by the Great Depression. |
| Pearl Harbor | was a surprise military strike conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the morning of December 7, 1941. The attack led to the United States' entry into World War II. |
| Truman and the Atomic bomb | The atomic bombings of the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan were conducted by the United States during the final stages of World War II in August 1945. The two bombings were the first and remain the only use of nuclear weapons in wartime. |
| Manhattan Project | was a research and development project that produced the first atomic bombs during World War II. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. |
| Hitler | as an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the Nazi Party,National Socialist German Workers Party. He was dictator of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. Hitler was at the center of Nazi Germany, World War II in Europe, and the Holocaust. |
| Cold War | was a sustained state of political and military tension between powers in the Western Bloc (the United States with NATO and others) and powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its allies in Warsaw Pact). |
| Women and WWII | The hard skilled labor of women was symbolized in the United States by the concept of Rosie the Riveter, a woman factory laborer performing what was previously considered man's work. |
| Beats | ??? |
| Woodstock | was a music festival, billed as "An Aquarian Exposition: 3 Days of Peace & Music". |
| Ronald Regan | was the 40th President of the United States. Prior to his presidency, he served as the 33rd Governor of California, and was a radio, film and television actor. |
| Guerilla warfare | Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants such as armed civilians military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military. |
| Sandra Day O’Connor | is a retired United States Supreme Court justice,She served as an Associate Justice from her appointment in 1981 by Ronald Reagan until her retirement from the Court in 2006. She was the first woman to be appointed to the Court |
| Baby Boom | A baby boom is any period marked by a greatly increased birth rate. People born during such a period are often called baby boomers; Returning veterans married, started families, pursued higher education, and bought their first homes. |
| Economic growth in the U.S. in the 1950s | Emerging victorious from World War II five years earlier, the United States in 1950 was reaping the benefits of a growing economy - benefits that were actually derived out of the country's participation in the War. |
| Joseph McCarthy | served as a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957. Beginning in 1950, McCarthy became the most visible public face of a period in which Cold War tensions fueled fears of widespread Communist subversion |
| Nixon and the People’s Republic of China | as an important step in formally normalizing relations between the United States and the People's Republic of China. |
| Haight/Ashbury | district of San Francisco, California, named for the intersection of Haight and Ashbury streets. It is also called The Haight and The Upper Haight. The neighborhood is known for its history of hippie subculture. |
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