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Women/civil rights
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| segregation | The separation of white and African Americans in schools and public facilities (restrooms, drinking fountains restaurants, etc.) in order to socially isolate the two races |
| Plessy V. Ferguson | The Supreme Court case decided in 1896 that legalized segregation by saying the "separate but equal" public institutions were acceptable; civil rights leasers of the 20th Century opposed this idea. |
| Brown v. Board of Education | the 1954 Supreme Court decision which desegregated schools because NAACP lawyers, led by Thurgood Marshall, showed that segregated schools limited the success of African American students |
| Passive resistance | MLK urged his followers to practice non-violence, but to not cooperate with unjust laws and the actions of those who enforced those laws unfairly |
| Montgomery Bus Boycott | a year-long boycott of city buses in Montgomery, Alabama by African American citizens as a protest to "back of the bus" restrictions for black riders;Rosa Parks' arrest triggered the boycott. |
| Freedom Riders | African Americans and white civil rights workers who rode interstate buses in pairs to protest the segregationist practices of the bus companies; they were met with violence in AL. where their bus was set on fire and others were beaten by white racists |
| sit-ins | Organized by college students who sat at "whites only" lunch counters until they were arrested to protest the practice of stores that refused to serve African Americans. |
| marches | peaceful demonstrations by followers of civil rights leaders where citizens walked through the streets of segregated cities to protest segregation; marchers were often attacked by onlookers or police who threw objects at them, turned high pressure water h |
| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) | the organization formed by W.E.B. Dubois and others in 1909 expanded and took an active role in promoting the civil rights movement |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | the law passed by Congress which made it illegal to discriminate against any person in awarding jobs, housing or uses of public facilities |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | the law passed by Congress which ended the practice of state governments using grandfather clauses, poll taxes, and literacy test to deny African Americans the right to vote |
| workplace discrimination against women | preference given to men in hiring for jobs when qualified women are overlooked; lower wages paid to women than to men who are doing the same job |
| National Organization for Women (NOW) | an association which promotes the rights of women in jobs, education, and marriage |
| Equal lRights Amendment | a campaign organized by NOW to amend the US Constitution to make it illegal to deny women's equality with men; it was not ratified by enough states to become a law, but it created a wider range of choices for women who want to advance in business or publi |
| Title IX of the Higher Education Act | federal law which requires colleges to give women equal athletic opportunities |
Created by:
sydcool1
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