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Chapter 10 Test
Hon. World History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a Patrician? | a wealthy powerful land owner |
| What is Bourgeoisie? | the middle class including merchants, industrialist, and professional people |
| What was Magna Carta? | "Great Charter" of rights King John was forced to sign by English nobles recognized that the relationship between king & vassal was based on mutual rights & obligations-monarch power limited (King can't have taxes without parliament consent) |
| What was chivalry? | code of conduct for knights that combined virtues of a good soldier with Christian values |
| What was common law? | a uniform system of law developed in England-King Henry established common law-Single code of law for England-Henry increasing the power of monarchy & decreasing noble power |
| What was Parliament? | the representative gov. that emerged; it was composed of two knights from every county, two people from every town, and all of the nobles and bishops throughout England (House of Lords & Commoners)-Limited monarchy power to get taxes & pass laws |
| What House did the Nobles and Church Lords form? | House of Lords |
| What House did the Knights & Townspeople form? | House of commoners |
| What did Parliament do? | Parliament granted taxes, discussed politics, & passed laws |
| What is commercial capitalism? | an economic system in which people invest in trade and good for profit |
| What was the Hanseantic League? | European trade, mutual protection, for economic opportunity (100 or more people were involved) |
| What were the conditions in the Medieval Towns? | City surrounded by stone walls-Narrow winding streets-Houses were crowded against one another-Cities were dirty,crowded,&polluted-More men than woman lived in the cities-Towns provided people with economic opportunities that did not exist on the manor |
| What did towns provide that manors did not? | social mobility |
| Did the population increase in the High Middle Ages? | YES |
| Why did the population increase during the High Middle Ages? | 1.Europe was more settled and peaceful with little to no invasions 2.Food production increased 3.Changes in tech. to help farmers grow more food |
| What were woman in the High Middle Ages like? | Woman could legally own Property-Most woman were controlled by their father/husbands-Noble woman managed lords estate while their husbands were away-Some woman did their own trade-Had no real independence |
| Why did Vikings invade Europe? | They conducted raids (a hit and run style of fighting) |
| Why did the Muslims invade Europe? | They were looking for people to expand the empire |
| Why did the Maygars invade Europe? | They wanted to capture people to sell as slaves |
| What is Feudalism? | decenturalized government or localized government where kings are weak & power goes to nobles and the lord. Nobles have power over fiefs which are divided amoung vasssals and an exchange of mutual oligations between lords vassels and peasents |
| Why was Feudalism complex? | Feudalism was complex because vassals often owed loyalty to more than one lord and obligations were not always clear or written down |
| What were some improvements to agriculture? | 1.Labor saving devices : harness the power of water and wind to replace human and animal power 2.the heavier iron plow (carruca) 3.Shift from a 2 field to a 3 field system of crop rotation increases the amount of land being used 4. Horses were used |
| What was a carruca? | a heavy wheeled plow with an iron plowshare |
| What is the estate general? | the legislative body in France until 1789, representing the three estates of the realm like parliament but does not have control of taxes-absolute power |
| What is a guild? | an association of people in the same craft as well as for a group of merchants who sold the same type of goods |
| What are craft guilds? | guilds that direct almost every aspect of the productions process (regulate production process) |
| What were some good things to come out of medievil towns? | -People went there for freedom and economic and social opportunities-Go to town learn a trade and improve social status |
| What was the cause of Feudalism? | ongoing invasions |
| What is manorialism? | The economy on how people are serviving living on manors peasents producing just enough to survive |
| What was the royal power in England, France, Holy Roman Empire like? | England:limited monarchy-France:absolute monochary-Holy Roman Empire: Germany & Italy no unified ruler and remained a collection of small states(The fighting between kings and popes that prevents the holy roman empire to having a strong centralized gov. |
| What was the relationship between lords, vassals, and serfs? | Lords/Nobles:provide the fief, set up courts, and provide protection-Vassals:owe military service, serve in the lord’s court, & serve their lord on special occasions-Peasents:part of the fief, they do all the labor they work the land “pay” rent and fees |
| What is the difference between a localized and centralized government? | -Local: power is split up -Centralized power in the hands of one person |
| What were the rights of the Medieval towns? | -chose leaders-didn't have to serve in the military-can own property-can pay taxes |
| Where are the rights written down? | on a charter |
| What were the results of growth and trade? | People are more free independent in the cities |
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sossenkopp
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