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History Ch. 23-26
WWII and Postwar America Ch. 23-26
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| totalitarianism | a theory of government in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people. |
| Joseph Stalin | communist dictator in Russia |
| Benito Mussolini | Fascist Party leader in Italy |
| Adolf Hitler | Nazi Party leader in Germany |
| anti-Semitic | prejudiced against Jewish people |
| Spanish Civil War | A bloody conflict in 1936-1939 in Spain; fought by fascists rebelling against Spain's democratic government. |
| appeasement | Policy of granting concession to a potential enemy in the hope that it will maintain peace. |
| Who did France and Britain pursue appeasement with in the 1930's? | Fascist nations |
| Anschluss | union of Germany and Austria in 1933 |
| Munich Pact | agreement made between Germany, Italy, Great Britain, and France in 1938 that sacrificed the Sudetenland to preserve peace. |
| Did the Munich Pact work? | No, it only postponed war for 11 months. |
| Why didn't the League of Nations stop aggressive countries? | It had no army, power, and US didn't join. |
| biltzkrieg | "lightening war" that emphasized the use of speed and firepower to penetrate deep into the enemy's territory. |
| Axis Powers | group of countries led by Germany, Italy, and Japan that fought the Allies in WWII. |
| Winston Churchill | Britain's Prime Minister |
| Neutrality Act of 1939 | act that allowed nations at war to buy goods and arms in the US if they paid cash and carried the merchandise on their own ships. |
| Tripartite Pact | agreement that created an alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan during WWII. |
| Which American group wanted to support Allies during WWII? | Interventionists |
| Which American group wanted to stay neutral during WWII? | Isolationists |
| What shocked Americans into at least preparing to defend themselves? | CBS reports made on television featuring bombing of civilians- grandparents, children, parents. |
| Lend Lease Act | act passed in 1941 that allowed President Roosevelt tot sell or lend war supplies to any country whose defense he considered vital to the safety of the US |
| Atlantic Charter | joint declaration made by Great Britain and the US during WWII that endorsed national self determination and an international system of general security |
| Pearl Harbor | American military base attacked by the Japanese on December 7, 1941. |
| Women's Army Corpse (WAC) | US Army group established during WWII so that women could serve in in noncombat roles |
| What were some main causes of WWII? | Weak League of Nations, Destruction of WWI, Fascist Leaders in Germany, Italy, and Japan, & Global economic depression |
| What event happened in order for US to declare war on Japan and the Axis? | Japan attacked on Pearl Harbor |
| Tuskegee Airmen | African American squadron that escorted bombers in the air war over Europe during World War II |
| Battle of Midway | Turning point of WWII in the Pacific, in which the Japanese advance was stopped. |
| Executive Order of 8802 | WWII measure that assured fair hiring practices in any job funded by the government |
| bracero program | plan that brought laborers from Mexico to work on American farms |
| internment | temporary imprisonment of members of a specific group |
| Why were Japanese Americans interned (imprisoned) during WWII? | Japan and the US were at war, many people felt racist towards Japanese, they had no political influence, they usually isolated themselves from American culture. |
| Offic of War Information (OWI) | government agency that encouraged support of the war during WWII |
| D Day | June 6, 1944, the day Allies landed on the beaches of Normandy, France |
| Battle of the Bulge | Hitler ordered a counterattack on Allied troops in Belgium, but it crippled Germany by using up reserves and demoralizing its troops. |
| Albert Einstein | Scientist that developed the Atomic Bomb |
| Manhattan Project | code name of the project that developed the Atomic bomb |
| Harry Truman | |
| How did the US destroy Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan? | US pilots dropped an atomic bomb on them |
| V-Day | Day US celebrates their victory over Japan. |
| Holocaust | name now used to describe the systematic murder by the Nazis of Jews and others |
| Nuremberg Laws | laws enacted by Hitler that denied German citizenship to Jews |
| Kristallnacht (Night of the Broken Glass) | Organized attaches on Jewish communities in Germany on November 9, 1938 |
| Concentration Camp | Camp used by the Nazis to imprison "undesirable" members of society |
| genocide | willful killing of an entire race, political, or cultural group |
| Death Camp | Nazi camp designed for the extermination of prisoners |
| About how many Jews and others were murdered in Germany during the Holocaust? | Around 12 million people |
| War Refugee Board | US government agency founded in 1944 to save Eastern European Jews |
| Yalta Conference | 1945 strategy meeting between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin |
| superpower | powerful country that plays a dominate economic, political, and military role in the world |
| United Nations (UN) | Organization found in 1945 to promote peace |
| Geneva convention | international agreement governing the humane treatment of wounded soldiers and prisoners of war |
| Nuremberg Trials | trials in which Nazi leaders were charged with war crimes |
| What were some effects of WWII? | Japan and Europe lay in ruins, European colonies gain independence, cold War between US and Soviet Union begins, America becomes a World Power |
| General Dwight D. Eisenhower | Supreme Commander who planned the D-Day attack of Normandy |
| General Douglas MacArthur | Commander of US Army |
Created by:
grantham10
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