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Arts of Ancient Gree
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the most important center of the Greek culture? | Periclean Athens |
| Who was Herodotus? | Author of the Persian Wars which was considered to be the first real history in West Civilization. His works were unrealistic but had critical attitude. |
| What was Herodotus's main theme? | The conflict between the Greeks and the Persians which he viewed as a struggle between freedom and "dictatorship" |
| What Greek word does "history" come from? | "historia" which means "research" and "investigation" |
| Who was Thcydides? | An Athenian historian, greatest in the ancient world. He fought in the Peloponnesian War. He was elected a general but one failed battle led to exile. He did not write about divine/gods but war and facts. |
| What was the purpose that the Greeks created drama? | Entertainment and Education. |
| What were the dramatic plays like? | Taken place outdoors of a religious festival, three male actors wearing masks, a male chorus to narrate and action was very limited to enhance the story and meaning |
| Who was Aeschylus? | He was a writer who wrote tragedies. Only 7 out of 90 plays survived, first tragedian known to us. He had simple plots and wrote a trilogy called Oresteia about vengeance between Agamemnon (great solider in the Trojan war) and his wife Clytemnestra |
| Who was Sophocles? | A great Athenian playwright. His most-famous play is Oedpus the King, the oracle of Apollo tells about a old man killing both his parents, punished by gods but appects his faith |
| True of False: The first Greek drama was tragedies | True |
| Who was Euripides? | An Athenian trader who was more realistic and had complexed plots, critical on religion. Probably the greatest play was Bacchae-the introduction of hysterical rites associated with Dionysus (god of wine) |
| Difference between Old and New Comedy? | Old Comedy: low and vulgar humor, topical, but had eloquent poetry New Comedy: could have happened from any time, including present day with "types" |
| Who was Aristophanes? | He wrote comedy play like the Clouds, made fun of Socrates and Lysistratia, the sex strike to make peace of the war |
| Of whom do we only have a full play of New Comedy? | Meander |
| What was the Parthenon? | A Greek temple built for Athena, signifies calm, clarity |
| Describe sculptures | Purpose was ideal beauty (not realism) and they were fully colored. |
| Who was Polyclitus? | A sculptor |
| What did the Greeks always strive? | Arte which means excellence |
| What is the literal meaning of "Philosophy"? | Love of wisdom |
| What are some of stuff people believed in before Socratics? | Thales- Water, Anaximander- undetermined, unlimited substance, anaximenes-air |
| Who was Socrates? | A critic of the Sophists who challenges smart people by giving lots of questions. He called himself Gadfly- someone who is irritating.He taught pupils with no charge |
| Socrates is the the main character in whose's play and what play? | Plato, the Republic of Justice |
| Why and how did he die? | He ate poison berries called hemlock. Athens saw him as danger. |
| Who was the guide for Socrates? | A daimon- a spirit who focuses on the ethics, how we should live |
| Who were the Sophists? | A group of people of philosophical teachers in fifth-century Athens believed that the universe was beyond reach of human mind, important for individuals to improve themselves. They taught young Greek men and charged them |
| What method did the Sophists use to teach? | rhetoric- he art of persuasive speaking |
| Who was Plato? | A student of Socrates is famous, wrote a lot (unlike his master)He was very into finding the truth of life and explained the ideas if Firns |
| What was Plato's school? | The Academy |
| Who was Aristotle? | A student of the Plato, a tutor of the Alexander the Great. He liked constitutional governments and that women are equal. |
| Who was the first Olympian god? | Zeus (Roman Jupiter)- supreme god and father of the gods, god of sky, thunder, lightning |
| Who was the second Olympian god? | Hera (Roman Juno)- his wife and sister, goddess of marriage, childbirth, women |
| Who was the third Olympian god? | Athena (Roman Minerva)- goddess of wisdom, weaving, arts, reason |
| Who was the fourth Olympian god? | Apollo (Roman Apollo)- god of the sun |
| Who was fifth? | Aphrodite(Roman Venus)- goddess of love |
| Who was sixth? | Poseidon (Roman Neptune)- god of sea |
| Who was seventh? | (Roman Ceres)- goddess of fertitlity, grain and harvest |
| Who was eight? | Hephaestus- Vulcan Fire/Forge |
| Who was ninth? | Athena (Minerva)- goddess of wisdom |
| Who was tenth? | Airtimes (Diana)- goddess of the hunt |
| Who was eleventh? | Ares (Mars)- god of war |
| Who was the twelfth? | Hermes (Mercury)- god of messages |
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