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MAT sociology

Sociology Topics to Study for the Miller Analogies Test (MAT)

TermDefinition
action theory Talcott Parson's belief that social science must consider motives when studying actions
antipositivism belief that social sciences not subject to same methods of understanding as natural sciences
cultural relativism Franz Boas's belief that civilization is relative, not absolute; NOT a relationship between culture and race
demography study of living populations
diffusion how innovations spread
endogamy practice of marrying only a person of a certain group or class
functionalism view that society's parts work together to create stability
Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft "community and society"; two normal types of association; Ferdinand Tonnies
hidden curriculum lesson learned in classroom that were not intentionally taught
labeling theory tendency of majorities to label minorities
macrostructure large-scale organization of society
norm guideline that determines behavior in society
overchoice (aka choice overload) too many consumer choices leads to poor choices or no choice at all
ponerology study of social injustice
positivism belief that in the social and natural sciences the only valid truth is scientific truth
social capital collective benefits resulting from social cooperation between people or groups
tertius gaudens one person gaining from disagreement between two others
xenocentrism preference for products/ideas from other culture (vice ethnocentrism)
Jacques Barzun American cultural historian
James Coleman American--social capital
Auguste Comte founder of sociology and positivism
WEB DuBois American--founded NAACP
Emile Durkheim French--father of sociology
Talcott Parsons American--action theory
Georg Simmel German--antipositivism
Herbert Spencer English--sociologist/biologist; "survival of the fittest" applied to humans
Ferdinand Tonnies German--Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
Thorstein Veblen American--"The Theory of the Leisure Class"; division of labor continues from feudal system
Max Weber German--antipositivism
Bandaranaike, Sirimavo Ceylon's (now Sri Lanka) and the world's first female head of government (minus all the English queens, of course)
Garvey, Marcus Jamaican proponent of Black nationalism
Created by: Pippin14
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