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Documents & Policies
Important Documents and Policies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Magna Carta | signed in 1215 by William and Mary of England, was the first document that limited power of the ruler |
| English Bill of Rights | protected the rights of English citizens and became the basis for the American Bill of Rights |
| Declaration of Independence | document written by Thomas Jefferson, declaring the colonies independence from England |
| Articles of Confederation | the first American constitution. It was a very weak document that limited the power of the Congress by giving states the final authority over all decisions |
| Constitution of the United States | sets out the laws and principles of the government of the United States. |
| George Washington’s Farewell Address | advised the United States to stay “neutral in its relations with other nations” and to avoid “entangling alliances”. |
| Monroe Doctrine | a foreign policy statement by President James Monroe stating that 1) the U.S. would not interfere in European affairs, and 2) that the western hemisphere was closed to colonization and/ or interference by European nations |
| Treaty of Paris of 1763 | ended the French and Indian War and effectively kicked the French out of North America. |
| Treaty of Paris of 1783 | ended the American Revolution and forced Britain to recognize the United States as an independent nation |
| Northwest Ordinance | a policy of establishing the principles and procedures for the orderly expansion of the United States |
| Treaty of Ghent | ended the war of 1812 |
| Adams-Onis treaty | gave Florida to the US |
| Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo | ended the Mexican war, Us acquired the Mexican Cession |
| Gadsden Purchase | gave the us more land that had been northern Mexico, so we could use it for a railroad |
| Mayflower Compact | the agreement signed in 1620 by the Pilgrims in Plymouth, to consult each other about laws for the colony and a promise to work together to make it succeed |
| Federalist Papers | series of essays written by James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton, defending the Constitution and the principles on which the government of the United States was founded |
| Common Sense | was a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to convince colonists that it was time to become independent from Britain |
| Bill of Rights | the first ten amendments to the Constitution and detail the protection of individual liberties |
| Gettysburg Address | short speech given by Abraham Lincoln to dedicate a cemetery for soldiers who died at the Battle of Gettysburg. It is considered to be a profound statement of American ideals |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Abraham Lincoln issued on January 1, 1863, setting all slaves in the Confederate states free |
| Lincoln’s First Inaugural Address | stated that, “no state…can lawfully get out of the Union”, but pledged there would be no war unless the South started it |
| Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address | meant to help heal and restore the country after four years of Civil War. |
| Great Compromise | created two houses of Congress. One based on population, the other gave equal representation to each state |
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