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AMS110 Midterm
The University of Kansas American Identities Prof. Lang
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| American Exceptionalism | The idea that the US embodies humanity's progress toward equality |
| Meritocracy | A system in which the talented people are chosen and moved ahead based on their merits and skills not inherited abilities |
| E Pluribus Unum | "Many uniting into one" "Out of many, one" on the seal of the US |
| Transnationalism | A social phenomenon grown out of the interconnectivity between people and the receding economic and social significance of boundaries among nation states. |
| Gender | The meaning we assign socially to sexual difference. It consists of social and cultural expectations regarding how men and women are "supposed" to act |
| Race | Defines social categories based on how people are sorted producing and justifying their very different opportunities |
| Essentialism | Assumed essence a group of people or things have (ex. females are nurturers) |
| Social Construction | Invented by people - very significant hierarchy of social categories |
| One Drop Rule | If a person has any AfAm ancestry they are considered black |
| Notes on the State of Virginia | Thomas Jefferson, first mention of race, or one race having an "advantage" over another |
| Anglo-Saxonism | envisioning the US as a white republic, based on wanting equality while excluding all non-whites |
| Manifest Destiny | Expansion of the West in hopes to conquer the whole country/continent |
| Mexican-American War | An armed conflict b/t US and Mex in the wake of the annexation of Texas, which Mex considered part of its territory. Furthers the Manifest Destiny |
| Jim Crowe | Laws legalizing racist discrimination and oppressive segregation, racial segregation in all public places - "separate but equal" |
| Empire | An extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress |
| Nativism | "Original" people feeling privilege - against immigration and favored states for certain established inhabitants of a nation |
| Johnson-Reed Immigration Act | US federal law that limited the annual number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the US in 1890 |
| Home Owners Loan Corp. | Graded neighborhoods based on racial makeup, grade received determined if you got a loan or not |
| National Industrial Recovery Act | Accomplished racial exclusion with mentioning race, refused wage differences, lay-offs, excluded occupation, etc. |
| Congress of Industrial Organizations | A federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the US and Canada |
| Servicemen's Readjustment Act (GI Bill) | A law that provided a range of benefits for returning WWII vets |
| Gunnar Myrdal, An American Dilemma | A study of race relations that detailed what he saw as obstacles to full participation in American society that American negroes faced as of the 1940s |
| Cold War | a sustsined state of political and military tension b/t powers in the US and the Soviet Union, "cold" because there was no large scale fighting directly b/t two sides, split wartime alliance against Nazi Germany |
| Mass Culture | The set of ideas and values that develop from a common exposure to the same media, news source, music and art. Brodcasted not spread through every day interactions |
| Immigration and Nationality Act | Abolished the National Origins Formula that had been in place in the US since the Emergency Quota Act |
| Biracial Identity | Consisting of representing or combining members of two separate races |
| Class - High Culture | The set of cultural products, mainly in the arts, held in the highest esteem by a culture, the culture of an upper class |
| Class - Low Culture | A derogatory term for some forms of popular culture that have mass appeal |
| Nationalism | A belief, creed, or political ideology that involves an individual identifying with or becoming attached to one's nation |
| Patriotism | The social conditioning and personal behaviors that support a state's decisions and actions |
| The American Dilemma | The decision to declare independence while still maintaining slavery "American Creed" |
| Critical Pluralism | Contestation over consensus, America as a process of interaction among multiple public with varying levels of power in society, attention to the need to fundamentally globalize American studies |
| Social Identity | the portion of an individual's self-concept derived from perceived membership in s relevant social group, predicts certain intergroup behaviors on the basis of perceived group status differences |
| Sexuality | a vast historical diversity of sexual emotions and behaviors and identities that are not equated with biology |
| Heteronormativity | the only "normal" object of erotic desire is someone with whom, theoretically, one could produce biological offspring with |
| Bacon's Rebellion | An armed rebellion by Virginia settlers led by Nathaniel Bacon against the rule of Gov William Berkeley, rose up against Berk and attacked Native Americans |
| Naturalization Act | An act that broke the US form citizenship and the tie of naturalization to race |
| Sovereignty | Possessing supreme political power over a limited sovereign nation in states |
| Indian Removal Act | Formal removal of civilized Indian tribes by President Jackson |
| Crania Americana | Morton divides humankind into four races: Caucasians, Asians, Native Americans, and Africans. Attempted to prove that skull size/capacity could show that whites were better and more developed than other races. |
| Radical Reconstruction | The period following the Civil War of rebuilding the US |
| Spanish American War | US moves into the realm of an empire, ideas of citizenship, race, and need to become civilized |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | US federal law that restricted free immigration in US history prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers |
| New Immigrans | Came from southern or eastern Europe, were not Protestant, were illiterate and unskilled, were radicals, arrived impoverished, and were short and dark |
| New Deal | series of domestic policies in response to the Great Depression (relief, recovery, reform), the housing market - red mark meant low rating |
| Federal Housing Administration | unequal and segregated public housing, provided basis for colorblind inequality |
| Social Security Act | Excluded occupationally most AfAm, Mexicans, etc from federal relief funds |
| Rosie the Riveter | A cultural icon of the US representing the American women who worked in factories during WWII many of whom produced munitions and war supplies, a symbol of feminism and women's economic power. |
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