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Chapter 4 Test
Hon World History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the cause of the Peloponnesian War? | 1. Long Range:some city-states resented Athenian dominance and joined Peloponnesian League, an alliance led by Sparta 2. Immediate:Athens and Corinth, a member of the Peloponnesian League were involved in a dispute resulting in a war between two allies |
| What was the strategy of the Peloponnesian War? | -Athens had a strong navy-Athens planned to stay behind city walls recieving supplies from their colonies and navy-Spartan blockade Athens hoping they would send an army to fight-Plague broke out in Athens killing 1/3 pop Pericles died-Athens destroyed |
| Delian League | led by Athens it was a defensive alliance, other city-states sent money to Athens in return for protection |
| Athenian Democracy | limited, direct democracy, only minority classify as citizens; males above 18;assembly passed laws elected officials and made decisions about domesticated policies; office holders were paid; 10 generals were elected to direct policies |
| Greek Sculptures | -Greeks developed a life like sculpture of male nude of ideal human form -Sculptures did not need to achieve realism but ideal beauty |
| Greek Philosophers | 1. Sophist 2. Socrates 3. Plato 4. Aristotle |
| Sophist | a group of traveling teachers in ancient Greece who rejected speculation; believed it was impossible for the human mind to understand the universe,more important to improve themselves; stressed the art of rhetoric (persuasive speaking) |
| Socrates | pupil of Plato; Developed the Socrates method; believed all knowledge is already present within us we need to get it out with critical thinking; believed in individual ability of reason; questions authority put in jail for corrupting the youth&put death |
| Socrates Method | it employed the question and answer format to lead pupils to see things for themselves by using reason |
| Plato | Socrates student;used the question "How do we know what is real?";wrote "The Republic";distrusted working democracy;developed his "perfect" state of classes |
| Plato's Classes of People | Upper Class of Philosophers: Kings Second Group: Warriors Third Group: All the other people not driven by courage or wisdom but desire (societies producers artisans, tradespeople, and farmers) |
| Aristotle | attended Plato's Academy;interest in analyzing and classifying things based on observations and investigations defined each category as logic, biology, and physics; wrote a range of sub. ethics, politics, poetry, and science; wrote a book "politics" |
| What was Aristotle's 3 forms of gov. | 1. Monarchy 2. Aristocracy 3. Constitutional gov. |
| Philosophy | an organized system pf thought from the Greek root word "love of wisdom"; used reason to understand human nature; early developments focused on the development of critical/rational thinking about nature & the universe |
| Parthenon | regarded as the greatest examples of classical Greek architecture;dedicated to Athena;expression of Athenian pride in their city-state&Athena;Parthenon exemplifies the principle of classical architecture the search for calmness,clarity,&freedom |
| Polis | The Greek word for city state, the basic political unit of Greece; the town surrounding the country |
| Homer | wrote the first epic poems; wrote the Iliad & the Odyssey; he did not record history he created it and gave the Greeks an ideal past |
| Epic Poem | tells the qualities admired by Greeks such as bravery, honor and dignity |
| Illiad | epic poem about the Trojan War; about Achilles and how his anger led to disaster |
| Odyssey | tells about Odysseus adventures back home after Trojan War |
| Arete | Greek word for excellence which was worn through a physical or mental struggle 1. in a fight 2. a hero preserves his honor and that of his family 3. earns his rep. |
| Hubris | excessive pride which can bring downfall |
| Geography of Greece | -Mountains:caused the Greeks to live in independent citystates, isolated by mountains-Seas:the Greeks will become expert sailors travel to Mediterranean,Adriatic,Aegean, and Black Seas(navy almost unstoppable)-Climate:mild climate encouraged outdoor games |
Created by:
sossenkopp
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