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Ch. 4 Key Terms WH
vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Colony | a land controlled by a distant nation |
| Conquistador | the Spanish soldiers, explorers, and fortune hunters who took part in the conquest of the Americas in the 16th century. |
| Mestizo | a person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry |
| Encomienda | a grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it. |
| New France | the French colonial empire in North America |
| Jamestown | the first permanent English settlement in North America |
| Pilgrims | a group of people who, in 1620, founded the colony of Plymouth in Massachusetts to escape religious persecution in England |
| Puritans | a group of people who sought freedom from religious persecution in England by founding a colony at Massachusetts Bay in the early 1600s |
| New Netherland | The Dutch land holdings in North America |
| Atlantic slave trade | the buying, transporting, and selling of Africans for work in the Americas |
| Triangular trade | the transatlantic trading network along which slaves and other goods were carried between Africa, England, Europe, the West Indies, and the colonies in North America |
| Middle passage | the voyage that brought captured Africans to the West Indies, and later to North and South America, to be sold as slaves-so called because it was considered the middle leg of the triangular trade |
| Columbian Exchange | the global transfer of plants, animals, and diseases that occured during the European colonization of the Americas |
| Capitalism | an economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of money in business ventures in order t omake a profit |
| Joint-stock company | a business in which investors pool their wealth for a common purpose, then share the profits |
| Mercantilism | an economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought. |
| Favorable balance of trade | an economic situation in which a country sells more goods abroad than it buys from abroad |
Created by:
rwilliams0054
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