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PDX Definitions
Eye
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Upper eyelid overlaps the pupil | Ptosis |
| Turning inward of lid margin is what and usually seen in what population? | entropion; elderly |
| Turning outward of lid margin is what and usually seen in what population? | ectropion; elderly |
| Eyeball protrudes forward and seen in what disorder? | exophthalmos; hyperthyroidism |
| Eyeball recedes and is seen in what disorder? | enophthalmos; hypothyroidism |
| Thinning of lateral 1/3 of the eyebrow is seen in what disorder? | hypothyroidism |
| Up-slanting eyebrows is seen in what disorder? | down syndrome |
| Eye turns down | hypotropia |
| Eye turns up | hypertropia |
| Eye turns out | exotropia |
| Eye turns in | esotropia |
| Painful, tender red infection in a gland at the margin of the eyelid | sty |
| Nonpainful cyst on lid margin | chalazion |
| Red inflamed lid margins and often with crusting | blepharitis |
| Scaliness | seborrheic dermatits |
| Slightly raised, yellowish, well-circumscribed plaques that appear along the nasal portions of eyelids | xanthelasma |
| Causes of conjunctivitis | bacterial, viral, allergic |
| Causes of a subconjunctival hemorrhage | trauma, bleeding disorders, cough |
| Conjunctival injection, cloudy cornea | acute glaucoma |
| Yellow sclera | jaundice or carotenemia |
| Pale conjunctiva is a sign of what? | anemia |
| Petechial hemorrhages is a sign of what? | endocarditis |
| Opaque of the lens visible through the pupil | cataract |
| CN for facial expression? | CN 7 |
| CN for visioni? | CN 2 |
| Unequal pupils | anisocoria |
| Dilated pupils can be from what? | trauma, drugs, etc. |
| Direct response of the rt eye is normal without a consensual response of lt eye suggests what? | Problem with motor connection to the left pupil such as damage to the oculomotor nerve or the EW nucleus of the brain stem |
| Penlight to center of forehead helps assess what? | Sudden strabismus (misalignment of eyes) |
| What do you observe in the funduscopic exam? | sharpness or clarity of the disc outline, color of the disc, size of the central physiologic cup, comparative symmetry of the eyes, pigmented crescents |
| Color of disc should be what color? | yellowish orange to creamy pink |
| Size of the central cup should be what? | <50% of the horizontal diamter of the disc |
| Normal horizontal field vision is where? | at least 120 degrees and at least 20 degrees of visual field both above and below the horizontal axis in each eye |
| Cover/uncover test tests what? | strabismus (tropias) |
| Cross/uncover test is utilized to detect what? | phorias |
| Pausing during upward and lateral gazes tests for what? | nystagmus |
| As patient's eyes move from up to down look for what? This suggests what? | lid lag; hyperthyroidism |
| Eye moves inward to pick up fixation? | Exotropia/phoria |
| Eye moves outward to pick up fixation? | Esotropia/phoria |
| Eye moves upward to pick up fixation? | Hypotropia/phoria |
| Eye moves downward to pick up fixation? | Hypertropia/phoria |
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