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Antimicrobials

QuestionAnswer
Classes of Antimicrobials to treat Mycoplasma Tetracyclines, Macrolides, Quinolones
Classes of Antimicrobials to treat Pseudomonas Extended spectrum Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Polymyxins
Classes of Antimicrobials to treat Protozoan Tetracyclines, Sulfonamides, Diaminopyrimidines, Nitrofurans
Antibiotics that actions are reduced in an acidic environment Penicillin, Aminoglycosides, Macrolides
Antibiotics that actions are reduced by Di- & trivalent cations Fluoroquinolones, Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines
Antibiotics that actions can be reduced by certain foods Tetracycline, Lincosamide
Antibiotics that actions are reduced in aerobic conditions Metronidazole
Antibiotics that actions are reduced in anaerobic conditions Aminoglycosides
Widest spectrum antibiotic Imipenem
The group Beta-Lactam is comprised of: Penicillins, Cephalosporins, B-lactamase inhibitors, Monobactams, Carbapenems
Basic Penicillins include: Penicillin G, Penicillin V
The spectrum of action for Basic (Regular) Penecillins is: Gram + (aerobic, anaerobic), + Pasteruella
Aminopenicillins include: Amoxicillin, Ampicillin
The spectrum of action for Aminopenicillins is: Gram + (aerobic, anaerobic), + Pasteruella, & other Gram-
The group Beta-lactamase resistant Penicillins (antistaphylococcal) includes: Methicillin, Oxacillin
The spectrum of action for Beta-lactamase resistant Penicillins is: Increased Gram+ action w/ B-lactamase, but decreased Gram +, Gram- anaerobic action
The group Extended spectrum penicillins (anti-pseudomonal) includes: Ticarcillin, Piperacillin
The spectrum of action for Extended spectrum penicillins is: Very good Gram - (aerobic & anaerobic), Includes Pseudomonas & Proteus
Protein synthesis inhibitors, Macrolides, Linconamides, Tetracyclines, and Phenicoles with the exception of Aminoglycosides all have this these 4 traits in common Basteriostatic Time-dependent Deep tissue penetration Liver metabolism/ Elimination
Not accounting for anything else, what antibiotics are good for UTIs? Aminogycosides B-lactams Nitrofurans
Not accounting for anything else, what antibiotics are good for treating Mycoplasma? Tetracycline Macralides Fluroquinoles (variable)
What antibiotics interfere with minerals? Fluoroquinolones Tetracyclines Aminogycosides
What antibiotics are inactivated by acidic environments? Penicillins Aminoglycosides Macrolides
What antibiotics have bone marrow toxicity? Chloramphenicol Rifampin
What antibiotics do you want to avoid in pregnant animals? Fluoroquinolones Diaminopyrimidines
What are two toxic effects of Aminogycosides? Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity
What is the spectrum of action of tetracyclines? 4 quadrant + protozoa & mycoplasma
What is the spectrum of action of Macrolides? Gram+ aerobes and mycoplasma
How are Macrolides eliminated? Liver CYP450 inhibitors
What is the spectrum of action of Lincosamides? Gram+ anaerobes
What two classes of drugs do you want to avoid using empirically because they can create resistance to 2 other classes of drugs? Macrolides Lincosamides
What are the adverse effects of Lincosamides? GI upset (severe diarrhea) in herbivores Cardiac depression Peripheral neuromuscular blockage
What class of drugs can inhibit thyroid function? Sulfonamides
What drugs should not be used emperically? Nitrofurans (Nitrofurantoin) Fluoroquinolones Extended spectrum penicillins Carbapenems (Imipenem) Monobactams (Aztreonam) Glycopetide (Vancomycin)
What class of drugs should be avoided in pregnant, athletes, juveniles, and seizure patients due to its toxic profile? Fluoroquinolones
Created by: bbvet
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