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Chapter 11
The Twenties
Term | Definition |
---|---|
1. model T | automobile manufactured by Henry Ford to be affordable on the mass market |
2. scientific management | approach to improving efficiency, in which experts looked at every step of a manufacturing process, trying to find ways to reduce time, effort, and expense |
3. assembly line | arrangement of equipment and workers in which work passes from operation to operation in direct line until the product is assembled |
4. consumer revolution | flood of new, affordable goods in the decades after World War I |
5. installment buying | method of purchase in which buyer makes a small down-payment and then pays off the rest of the debt in regular monthly payments |
6. bull market | period of rising stock prices |
7. buying on margin | system of buying stocks in which a buyers pays a small percentage of the purchase price while the broker advances the rest |
8. Teapot Dome scandal | scandal during the Harding administration in which the Secretary of the Interior leased government oil reserves to private oilmen in return for bribes |
9. Washington Naval Disarmament Conference | meeting held in 1921 and 1922 where world leaders agreed to limit construction of warships |
10. Kellog-Briand Pact | 1928 agreement in which many nations agreed to outlaw war |
11. Dawes Plan | agreement in which the United States loaned money to Germany, allowing Germany to make reparation payments to Britain and France |
12. modernism | trend that emphasized science and secular values over traditional ideas about religion |
13. fundamentalism | movement or attitude stressing strict and literal adherence to a set of basic principles |
14. Scopes Trial | 1925 trial of a Tennessee school-teacher for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution |
15. quota system | arrangement that limited the number of immigrants who could end the United States from specific countries |
16. Ku Klux Klan | organization that promotes hatred and discrimination against specific ethnic and religious groups |
17. Prohibition | the forbidding by law of the manufacture, transport, and sale of alcohol |
18. Eighteenth Amendment | constitutional amendment banning the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol in the United States |
19. Volstead Act | law enacted by Congress to enforce the Eighteenth Amendment |
20. bootlegger | one who sells illegal alcohol |
21. The Jazz Singer | the first movie with sound synchronized to the action |
22. flapper | young woman from the 1920s who defied traditional rules of conduct and dress |
23. "Lost Generation" | term for American writers of the 1920s marked by disillusion with World War I and a search for a new sense of meaning |
24. jazz | American musical form developed by African Americans, based on improvisation and bleding blues, ragtime, and European-based popular music |
25. Harlem Renaissance | period during the 1920s in which African American novelists, poets, and artists celebrated their culture |