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HIST 112 CH19&20
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The New South | -no longer run by the planter aristocracy and no longer dependent upon slave labor -wanted agricultural development & better education to diversify and grow the South’s economy |
| Economic Growth in the New South | -expansion of textile industry(cotton) -tobacco and cig production increased |
| Tobacco & Cigs | -the Duke family perfected mass production of cigs and bought out 3/4 of all tobacco production -1911 found in violation of Sherman Trust Act |
| Sharecroppers | -worked in an owners land in return for seed, fertilizer, supplies and a share of the crop |
| Tenants | -were entitled to a bigger share of the crop |
| Crop-lien System | -nearby merchants gave supplies to small farm owners in return for liens (mortgages) on their future crops |
| Sharecroppers and Crop-lien System place a... | staple on “cash crop” because it could be readily sold upon harvesting |
| Redeemers | -the supporters of post war Democratic leaders after Reconstruction -supposedly saved the South from Yankee domination and from the dominantly rural economy |
| Redeemers consisted of who? | -lawyers -merchants -entrepreneurs who would eager to promote a more diversified economy based on advancements |
| Bourbons | -opponents of the Redeemers -tolerated blacks in politics but still enforced segregation -reconciled tradition with innovation |
| The New West | -settlements exploitation of land continued -west was known for the American Dream but also greed and irresponsible behavior |
| The Migratory System | -migrants flowed heavily from the Indian and Hispanic West -most immigrants from Canada and Northern Europe |
| Exodusters | African Americans that migrated to the west because they were making exodus from the South in search of haven from racism and poverty |
| The Indian Wars | -1864 Colorado’s government told the Indians to gather at Fort Lyon on Sand Creek for guaranteed protection -Colonel John M Chivington attacked - |
| The Sioux | -settled in the Black Hills reservation in Dakota territory -won the Great Sioux War, led by Sitting Bull |
| Colonel George A. Custer | -led an expedition into the black hills which created the Great Sioux War |
| Dawes Severity Act | divided tribal lands and gave the Indians more land |
| The End of the Frontier | -Frederick Jackson Turner said the free lands continuous recession and Americans western settlement explains Americas development |
| Problems in Cities | -new inventions lured people in search of opportunity and freedom -lack of housing cause vertical growth of cities -bad living conditions effected people's health |
| City Envrionments | -overflowing with garbage, animal remains and dirt, contaminated water and disease -"sanitary reformers" tried to help by banishing hogs and cattle -garbage was dumped into waterways which led to the development of public water, sewer systems,& toilets |
| Contract Labor Act of 1864 | government helped pay immigrants passage in exchange for cheap labor |
| Ellis Island | island off of NJ coast that let immigrants in |
| Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 | restricted immigration of the basis of race and class, shut the Chinese out for 10 years |
| Saloon Culture | -popular for the urban working class -people were able to seek companionship |
| Popular Culture | -more recreational activities -widely attended politics and labor union meetings -wild west shows and spectator sports |
| Social Darwinism | -called for a hands off government policy to help weed out the weak |
| Reform Darwinism | -factored in the human brain and emotions -people would help out others in need |
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