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Chapter 3 U.S.
Colonial Life
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Planter | A person who owns 20 or more slaves. Highest in Southern society |
| cash crop | a crop grown primarily for profit |
| plantation | a large, commercial, agricultural estate |
| indentured servant | an individual who contracts to work for a colonist for a specified number of years in exchange for transportation to the colonies, food, clothing, and shelter |
| gentry | wealthy landowners in the South, also called the planter elite |
| subsistence farming | farming only enough food to feed one's family |
| middle passage | the difficult journey slaves endured in crossing the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas |
| slave codes | a set of laws that formally regulated slavery and defined the relationship between enslaved Africans and free people |
| town meetings | a gathering of free men in a New England town to elect leaders which developed into the local town government |
| selectmen | men chosen to manage a town's affairs |
| bill of exchange | credit slip given by English merchants to planters in exchange for sugar or other goods |
| triangular trade | a three- way trade route that exchanged goods between the American colonies and two other trading partners |
| artisan | a skilled worker who practices a trade or handicraft |
| entrepreneur | one who recognizes, manages, and assumes the risks of a business or enterprise |
| capitalist | person who invests wealth, particularly money, in a business |
| mercantilism | the theory that a state's power depends on its wealth |
| natural rights | fundamental rights all people are born possessing, including the right to life, liberty, and property |
| enlightenment | movement during the 1700s that promoted science, knowledge, and reason |
| joint stock companies | A form of business organization in which many investors buy actions to make a great amount of money for big projects. |
| privateers | Privately owned ship authorized by the government to attack ships of other countries. |
| headrights | A system where the colonizers received land in exchange for settling in Virginia. |
| proprietary colony | Colony owned by an individual. |
| heretics | a dissenter from established church beliefs |
| pilgrims | Separatist who traveled to the American colonies during the 1600s for religious freedom. |
| pacifism | opposition to war or violence as a means of settling disputes |
| Great Awakening | movement during the 1700s that stressed dependence on God |
| Rationalism | philosophy that emphasizes the role of logic and reason in gaining knowledge |
| Pietism | movement in the 1700s that stressed an individual's piety and an emotional union with God |
| revivals | large public meeting for preaching and prayer |
Created by:
ruthielafaye
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