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Absolutism-English

Global Studies 9

TermDefinition
Henry VIII Tudor Dynasty King, "Defender of the Faith", broke with Roman Catholic Church to establish Anglican Church
Edward VI Son of Henry VIII and wife, Jane Seymour
Mary I Married Phillip II of Spain, daughter of King Henry VIII
Elizabeth I Tudor Dynasty Queen, Daughter of King Henry VIII, popular and successful ruler, defeated Phillip II's Spanish Armada, died without an heir to the throne
James I Inherited throne from cousin Queen Elizabeth I, first of the Stuart Dynasty Kings, his version of the Bible had a lasting influence on English language and literature
Charles I Inherited throne from his father James I, forced to sign the Petition of Right, eventually beheaded
Oliver Cromwell Leader of Roundheads, organized the "New Model Army" for Parliament, later took the title "Lord Protector"
Charles II Uncrowned heir to the throne of Charles I, attacked Cromwell and England by way of Ireland and Scotland, exiled and later returned to England
James II Inherited throne from his brother Charles II and and flaunted his Catholic faith, fled to France after being replaced by his Protestant daughter
William and Mary Protestant Dutch (William III of Orange) and Mary, daughter of James, overthrew father in what became known as the Glorious Revolution
The Long Parliament Clashed with Charles I in a mounting struggle, tried and executed chief ministers, called for the abolition of bishops
English Civil War Forces of revolution vs. forces of royal power and absolutism
Cavaliers Supporters of Charles I in English Civil War
Roundheads Supporters of Oliver Cromwell and Parliament
Commonwealth Term used for Republic of England, led by Oliver Cromwell after execution of Charles I
Levellers Radical group inside the Commonwealth, fought against Cromwell
Habeous Corpus No person could be held prisoner without first being charged with a specific crime
William Laud Archbishop of Canterbury under Charles I, forced clergy to follow strict Anglican rules
Glorious Revolution Bloodless over throw of James II by William and Mary, created style of government known as limited monarchy
Bill of Rights Rights which ensured the superiority of Parliament over the monarchy
Toleration Act Granted limited religious freedom to Puritans and Quakers but not to Catholics
Created by: gmottola
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