Medical Assistant Certification Exam
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| 2 methods of medical asepsis | standard and transmission based precautions
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| Every health care worker/civilian with latex allergy should wear this | medical alert bracelet
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| Results in myocardial relaxation | repolarization
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| Valve located between the left atrium and the left ventricle | Mitral or Bicuspid valve
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| Valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk | Pulmonic valve
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| Heart sounds produced by closure of the valves | Murmurs
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| The 4 blood types | A, B, AB, O
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| What is the PR interval and how long? | P wave plus a segment, 0.12-0.2 sec
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| 0.1mV on EKG paper measures | 1mm
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| 1000 meter are equal to | 1km
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| 1kg is how many pounds? | 2.2 pounds
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| 2nd choice vein for venipuncture and most often and most often the only one palpatable in an obese Pt | Cephalic vein
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| 99% of formed elements in blood | RBCs or Erythrocytes
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| A urine pH of what is considered neutral? | 7.0 pH
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| Abbreviation for micro liter | ul
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| Analytical errors during collection of blood | Extended tourniquet time, hemolysis, wrong order of draw, failure to invert tubes, faulty technique under filling tubes
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| Antiseptic not used on a dermal puncture site | betadine (because it interferes with several tests like bilirubin, uric acid, phosphorus and potassium
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| Antiseptics used in Phlebotomy | 70% isopropyl alcohol pads most common, provolone-iodine for BCs and chlorhexidine gluconate for patients that are allergic to Betadine/Iodine
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| Average gauge of needle used for drawing blood | 21-22
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| BP cuffs too short and narrow can give false reading of what? | hypertension
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| Bipolar standard leads are | Lead I, II, III
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| Chest Leads are | V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6
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| Butterfly needle | winged infusion set
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| CC | chief complaint
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| Common test for the red topped tube | Serum, chemistry tests, serology tests, blood bank (glass only)
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| Common tests for the lavender EDTA tube | CBC, differential of diff. ESR, sickle cell screening
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| Complex | several waveforms
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| Consequence of insufficient pressure applied after withdrawal of needle | thrombus
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| Consists of injury to another person's reputation, name, or character through spoken (slander) or written (libel) | Defamation of character
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| Converts the temporary platelet plug into a stable fibrin clot | Coagulation phase
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| Defamation of character by written statement is considered | libel
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| Deflation the BP cuff faster than 2-3mmHg can lead to | underestimation of systolic and overestimating diastolic pressure
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| Depolarization flows from | endocardium to the myocardium to the epicardium
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| Explanation of hemoconcentration | the increase in proportion of formed elements to plasma caused by leaving on the tourniquet for more than 2 minutes
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| Expressionless face and staring eyes are indications of | Shock
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| Found at the superior portion of the interventricular septum, pathway that leads out of the SA node | Bundle of His
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| Found in the upper posterior portion of the right atrial wall below vena cava opening | SA Node
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| Functions necessary for life | heart functions, blood pressure, respiration, temperature
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| Gauge of needle that can cause hemolysis | smaller than 23 gauge
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| Glycosuria | presence of glucose in the urine
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| HIPAA is for? | Patient confidentiality
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| How long is the lifespan of a platelet? | 9-12 days
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| How long does it take for blood to clot by normal coagulation process in the red top tube | 30-60 minutes
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| How long is a holter monitor worn? | 24 hours or longer
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| How many 1mm boxes are in a 6 second rhythm strip? | 30, 1mm boxes
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| Hypothalamus | regulates and maintains body temperature
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| Interval | waveform plus a segment
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| Ischemia | decrease in amount of bloodflow
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| J (RST) junction | point at which QRS complex ends and the ST segment begins
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| Length of needle commonly used in venipuncture | 1" (up to 1.5")
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| Limb leads consists of | 3 bipolar and 3 augmented leads
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| Located at the posterior septal wall of the right atrium just above the tricuspid valve | AV Node
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| Located within the ventricular endocardium, consists of small conduction fibers | Purkinje Fibers
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| MSDS | Material Safety Data Sheet
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| Medical Assistant role in physical examination | Room prep, patient prep, assisting the Dr.
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| Method of pulse taking used on children and Pt. with irregular heartbeat | Apical pulse
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| Modes of transmission | Contact (direct, indirect), droplet, airborne, common vehicle, vector
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| Never leave the patient alone in the room when he/she is in this position | Knee Chest
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| Normal indication for a stress test | Evaluation of a patient with chest pain and a normal EKG, Arrhythmia, monitoring a Pt. with a recent MI
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| Normal respiration range and how long is it taken | 12-20 for 30sec x2
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| ABG, ammonia, lactic acid, pyruvate, parathyroid test handling | chilled in crushed ice and water mixture
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| Agents are | any infective microorganisms, viruses, fungi, bacteria, and parasites
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| Bili | Bile
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| IM | intramuscular
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| On Lead III which is the positive lead | the left leg is positive
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| On the horizontal axis 5 large squares equal | 1 second
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| On the vertical axis 1 large square equals what? | 5mm (0.5mV)
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| Orthopnea | difficulty breathing when laying flat
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| P wave | arterial depolarization
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| PPE includes: | mask, goggles, face shields, respirator
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| PR segment | line from the end of the P wave to the onset of the QRS complex
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| Precentage of formed elements in blood | 45%
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| Percentage of plasma in blood | 55%
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| Positive testing for occult blood in a stool sample turn which color? | blue on a positive test for occult blood in feces
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| Preferred site for venipuncture | antecubital fossa
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| Prone position is used for | used to examine the back and spine
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| Q wave represents | initial negative deflection produced by ventricular depolarization
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| R wave | the first positive deflection produced by ventricular depolarization
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| S wave | the first negative deflection produced by ventricular depolarization that follows the first positive deflection, R wave
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| SQ | subcutaneous
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| ST segment | from J point to the onset of the T wave
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| Segment | line between two waveforms
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| T wave | deflection produced by ventricular repolarization
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| The stages of hemostasis | 1. vascular
2. platelet phase
3. Coagulation Phase
4. Fibronolysis
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| The AV valves | Tricuspid and Mitral (bicuspid)
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| QRS complex | ventricular activation, the ventricle is polarized from the endo to the myo to the epicardium
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| The SA node represents which waveform on the EKG? | only the P wave
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| The physical examination of urine consists of | color, clarity, specific gravity
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| The average adult has how many liters of blood? | 5-6 liters
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| The position used for most physical examinations, Pt. lays on back legs extended | Horizontal recumbent position
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| The presence of leukocytes in urine is an indicator for what? | bacteriuria or UTI
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| The primary purpose is to provide reliable data about a patients health status by ensuring the accuracy of a test while detecting and eliminating error | quality control
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| The release of medical records without the patients knowledge or permission | invasion of privacy
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| The standards of right and wrong in a medical setting | code of ethics
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| The urinary system | two kidneys, two ureters, bladder, urethra
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| The vertical axis on the EKG paper measures | amplitude or voltage
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| This is an infection control method designed to prevent direct contact with blood or other body fluids | Standard precautions
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| This is the second tier of precautions used when patient is contagious | transmission based precautions
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| This objective of the microscope is used for observing bacteria, WBC differential count and RBC morphology | Oil immersion
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| This position is usually used for taking rectal temperature | Sim's
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| Thrombophlebitis | inflammation of a vein with clot formation
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| Tort | wrongful act that results in injury to one person to another
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| U wave | deflection seen following the T wave but preceding the next P wave
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| Urine Screening for UCG or HCG | pregnancy test
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| V1 | fourth intercostal space, right sternal border
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| V2 | fourth intercostal space, lest sternal border
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| V3 | midway between V2 and V4
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| What are the identification requirements for blood bank | Pt full name and DOB, hospital ID# or SSN for outpatients, date and time of collection as well as the phlebotomist's initials
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| What fires at 40-60 bpm | AV junction, Bundle of His
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| What is important to do first after dermal puncture? | wipe away the first drop of blood
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| What is the difference between droplet and airborne? | droplet is less than 3 feet, airborne is more than 3 feet
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| What is the most important task of a Phlebotomist? | Patient ID
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| What is the percentage of water in Blood? | 92%
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| What is the primary stage of hemolysis | vascular phase and platelet phase together
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| What is the reading you can get from the RP interval? | Ventricular pulse
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| Where do all blood cells originate? | bone marrow
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| Where you find hemoglobin? | RBCs
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| Which blood type has neither the anti-A nor the anti-B plasma antibodies? | AB
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| Which are unipolar leads? | aVR, aVL, aVF
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| Which tube must be filled completely? | light blue tube- sodium citrate
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| Why is a holter monitor done? | to rule out arrhythmia's or ischemia
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| With the bevel upward insert the needle at which angle? | 15-30 degrees
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| A muscular hollow organ located in thoracic cavity between the lungs | the heart
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| Abbreviation for decimeter | dm
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| Acts as a pacemaker when higher level pacemakers fail | Purkinje fibers
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| Actually the inner visceral layer of the pericardium | epicardium
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| Additives in green top tube | heparin, sodium, lithium, ammonium
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| bid | twice a day
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| Arteries supplying the heart | right and left coronary from the aorta
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| Common tests for the light blue tube | Coagulation studies, PT (extrinsic, warfarin), APTT, PTT (intrinsic, heparin), BT, FDP
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| Common tests for this color tube are chemistry tests performed on plasma such as ammonia, carboxyhemoglobin and STAT electrolytes | green top tube
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| Cycle of infection | agent, portal exit, mode of transmission, portal entry, susceptible host
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| Define hematocrit | percentage by volume of packed red blood cells in a given sample of blood after centrifugation
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| Define medical asepsis | destruction of pathogenic microorganisms after they leave the body
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| Define surgical asepsis | all microbial life, pathogen and non pathogens are destroyed
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| Dermal puncture is made in | the fleshy portion of the finger slightly to the side of the center perpendicular to the lines of the fingerprints
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| Distilled water has a pH of | 7.0 pH or neutral
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| First aid for shock | open airway, call assistance, position head lower, control bleed if any, keep warm
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| For which procedure would you warm the site for a minimum of 3-4 minutes to increase blood flow? | dermal punctures (heel sticks)
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| Has an intrinsic firing rate of 40-60 bpm | Bundle of His
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| Heel sticks are performed on which patients? | infants less than 1 year old
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| How many electrodes are on a holter monitor? | 5
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| If skin or eyes come in contact with chemicals wash area with water for? | 5 minutes
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| If the brachial artery is far below the heart level the BP reading can be | falsely high
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| normal firing rate of 60-100 bpm and is the primary pacemaker of the heart | SA Node
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| How long should the arm rest between reinflating the cuff during BP taking | 1-2 minutes
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| How many electrodes on a 12 lead EKG? | 10
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| Order of draw for capillary specimens | lavender (pink), then tubes with other additives, than tubes with additives
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| Patient is on the left side with the right knee flexed against abdomen | Sim's Position
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| Patient laying on back with knees flexed, soles of feet on bed | Dorsal Recumbant
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| Patient lays on his/her stomach with head turned to one side for comfort | Prone position
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| PC | after a meal
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| Placed at the fifth inercostal space, anterior axillary line | V5
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| PO | by mouth
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| PR | by way of rectum/suppository
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| PRN | as necessary or when needed
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| Pulse is taken where and how long | radial for 30sec x2, if tachy or brady take it 1 minute
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| QD | everyday
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| QHS | every night or bedtime
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| QID | four times a day
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| SL | sublingual
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| Receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium which it pumps to the lungs through the pulmonary artery | Right ventricle
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| Receives deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the body | Right atrium
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| Receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the body through the aorta | Left ventricle
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| Syncope | sudden loss of conciseness
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| Taking BP hearing two consecutive beats gives which reading | Systolic
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| The OGTT test is used for? | diagnosing diabetes mellitus and evaluating patients with frequent low blood sugar
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| The four principles of a physical examination? | inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultaion
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| The four elements of Negligence are? | duty, duty of care, derelict breach of duty of care, direct cause, damage
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| The innermost layer of the heart | endocardium
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| The sac containing the heart | pericardium
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| This fires at 20-40 bpm | purkinje fibers
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| this has a 1/10 of a delay to allow blood to flow from atria to ventricles | AV node
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| this is placed which lead is placed on the fifth intercostal space left midclavicular line | V4
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| This position is used for examination of the pelvic organs? | Dorsal lithotomy
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| This position is used for rectal and vaginal examination? | Knee Chest position
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| This position is used for surgical procedures of pelvic and abdomen and also for shock treatment | Trendelenburg
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| This position is used to promote drainage or ease breathing | Fowler's
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| TID | three times a day
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| Unprivileged touching | battery
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| Used for instruments that easily corrode | dry heat sterilization
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| What are the symptoms of shock? | pale cold clammy skin, blank stare, rapid weak pulse, fast shallow breathing
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| What defines Standard Precautions? | All patients are presumed to be infective for blood borne pathogens
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| What is the least expensive and most available disinfectant for surfaces? | 1:10 bleach solution
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| What is the most important means of preventing the spread of infections? | handwashing
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| When checking for hormones in urine when do you collect the urine sample? | first voiding in the morning
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| When are OGTT scheduled to begin? | 0700-0900
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| Which limb is the ground? | right leg
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| Which urine sample requires aseptic technique? | clean catch specimen
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| Which urine specimen provides the clearest, most accurate results? | clean catch midstream specimen
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| Why is the green top tube never used for hematology? | Green top additive heparin interferes with the Wright's stained blood test
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| OSHA stands for? | Occupational Safety Health Administration
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| HIPAA stands for? | Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act
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