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Chapter 1 Test
Ch. 1 Hon. World History
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| History | the time when writing was develop; rely mostly on document or written records exist |
| Prehistory | the time before writing was developed; relies mostly on archaeology and biology evidence |
| Archeology | the study of past societies through the analysis of items left behind EX. tools, weapons, art |
| Anthropology | the study of human life and culture based on artifacts and human fossils EX. what people wear, what they value, how they organize sociaties |
| Radioactive Carbon Dating | use to measure the amount of radioactive carbon in an object; the least radioactive carbon in something the better |
| Thermoluminescence | measure of light given off by electrons in the soil around the artifact |
| Homo Habilis | a more advanced hominid with a larger brain, and use tools |
| Neanderthals | lived between 200,00bc and 30,000bc first to bury the dead |
| Paleolithic Age/Old Stone Age | they were hunters and gatherers;used tools such as spears, bows and arrows, harpoons, and fishhooks; migrated with animals so they had a constant food source; mastered fire |
| Culture | the way of life people follow |
| Civilization | a long lasting pattern of organization with advance knowledge and culture |
| Scribes | educated people who learned and mastered the art of writing |
| City-States | a state with political and economical control over the surrounding country side |
| Polytheistic | believing in many gods |
| Ziggurat | a massive step tower where a temple dedicated to a god or goddess of a Sumerian city was |
| Theocracy | a government established by divine authority |
| Sumerian Inventions | system of writing cuneiform, wagon wheel, sundial, the arch, bronze (made out of copper and tin, number system based of 60 (60 min), charted constellations |
| Gilgamesh | part man part god befriends a hairy beast named Enkidu they do great deeds; when Enkidu dies and he sees and feels death he sets out to find the secret to immortality; his efforts fail and he remains mortal which shows only gods can live forever |
| Sumerian Economy | farming, trade, industry, woolen textiles, pottery, metalwork (copper, gold, silver,& bronze);barters wool, barley, dried fish, wheat, and metal goods (jewelry) for tin; extra info: Sumerians made carts to make carrying good easier |
| Sumerian Sociaty | 3 major social groups:nobles commoners and slaves;nobles were royalty, priestly officials&families;commoners worked for the palace and temples as farmers, merchants fishers, and craftspeople;slaves belonged to palace officials mostly for building projects |
| 6 Characteristics of Civilization | cities, religion, social structure, art, government, and writing |
| Cities | located near rivers |
| government | organizes and regulates human activity; first were led by monarchs who organized and made laws |
| religion | early were polytheistic and explained forces of nature; rulers claimed divine right |
| social stucture | 1. Nobles: priest, kings, and gov officials 2. farmers, artisans, crafts-workers 3. slaves |
| writing | cuneiform; record keeping, preserving info for future generations |
| art | painting, sculptures, and architecture |
| Cultural Diffusion | exchange goods and ideas between civilizations |
Created by:
sossenkopp
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