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Chapter 16
Define
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Conquistador | conquerors |
| Immunity | resistance |
| Alliance | agreement between two or more powers. |
| Civil war | a fight between two groups of people in the same nation. |
| Viceroy | representative |
| Plantation | large estates run by an owner or the owner's overseer. |
| Encomienda | the right to demand labor or tribute from Native Americans. |
| Peon | workers force to labor for a landlord in order to pay off a debt. |
| Peninsular | people born in Spain. |
| Creole | American-born descendants of Spanish settlers. |
| Mestizo | people of Native American and European descent. |
| Mulatto | people of African and European descent. |
| Privateer | pirates operated with the approval of European Governments. |
| Missionary | people spreading Christianity to Native Americans. |
| Revenue | income from taxes |
| Compact | an agreement among people. |
| Triangular trade | a three-legged trade network. |
| Repeal | cancel |
| Monopoly | gold mining and the slave trade. |
| Inflation | the rise of prices is linked to the increase of the amount of money. |
| Capitalism | economic system ran by profit. |
| Entrepreneur | Someone who takes risks to make profit. |
| Joint stock company | a company or association consisting of individuals organized to conduct a business for gain and having a joint stock of capital. |
| Mercantilism | the theory or practice of mercantile pursuits |
| Tariff | taxes on items shipped over seas. |
| Tainos | grew corn, yams, and cotton, which they wove into cloth. |
| Hernan Cortes | conquistador that landed on the coast of Mexico in 1519. |
| Malinche | a young Indian woman who served as Hernan's translator. |
| Moctezuma | the Aztec emperor. |
| Francisco Pizarro | captured Atahualpa and killed his followers. |
| Atahualpa | became emperor after his brother died. |
| Council of the Indies | a council that passes laws for the colonies. |
| Bartolome de las Casas | a bold priest that commended the evils of the encomienda system. |
| New Laws of the Indies | passed in 1542, forbidding enslavement of Native Americans. |
| Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz | Refused admission to the University of Mexico. |
| Samuel de Champlain | explorer, geographer, and mapmaker, built the first french settlement. |
| Louis XIV | a french king set out to strengthen royal power and boost revenues. |
| Jamestown | The first permanent colony of the English. |
| Pilgrims | English settlers |
| Mayflower Compact | an agreement among the people of the Mayflower. |
| French and Indian war | The war between the french and the Indians. |
| Treaty of Paris | officially ended world-wide war. |
| Middle Passage | The slaves were transported to the West Indies. |
| Asante | emerged in the area occupied by modern Ghana. |
| Usman dan Fodio | denounced corruption of the local Hausa rulers. |
| Boer | held to a Calvinist belief. |
| Shaka | a ruthless and brilliant leader |
| Great Trek | several Boer families joined to this. |
| Columbian Exchange | a vast global exchange started by Columbus. |
| commercial revolution | a revolution with economic consequences for Europe. |
| "putting-out" system | a merchant capitalist distributed raw wool to peasant cottages. |
Created by:
Matthew Culbertson
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