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Ecology Science Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| define ecosystem | since our planet has many diverse plants and animals scientists tend to study smaller areas called ecosystems |
| define trophic level | different levels of feeding relationships |
| define bioaccumulation | when plants and animals take in water and absorb non-degradable substances. these substances now enter the foodchain. |
| define nitrogen fixation | the process of changing nitrogen into ammonia and nitrites which are soluable in water. |
| define producer | organisms such as plants and algea that get there energy from the sun and produce their own food |
| define consumer | animals are consumers since they can not produce food for themselves they get it from producers |
| define carnivore | (tertiary consumer) feed on meat and secondary consumers |
| define herbivore | (primary consumers) feed directly on plants |
| define food chain | a sequence of organisms through which energy is passed |
| define decomposer | recyclers of the environment, the decomposers are mostly fungi and bacteria |
| define photosynthesis | plants making there own food from water, CO2 and sunlight to produce sugar and energy. |
| define primary consumer | feed directly on plants |
| define secondary consumer | feed on producers |
| define community | a collection of all populations in a particular area at a certain time. |
| define population | group a organisms that belong to the same species in a particular area |
| define autotroph | an organism that can make its own food |
| define heterotroph | an organism deriving it nutritonal requirement from complex organisms |
| define food web | complex relationships of food chains |
| list abiotic factors | physical environment, water and sunlight, non living factors |
| list biotic factors | animals, plants and fungi, living factors that affect the ecosystem |
| define density dependent | things that occur to a population when the ecosystem can not support the size of the population |
| define density independent | natural occurences or human activity |
| list some producers | trees, clover, grass and algae |
| list some primary consumers | rabbit, deer, caterpillars, mice and squirrels |
| list some secondary consumers | fox, hawk and wolf |
| how much energy is passed through each trophic level | 10% |
| explain why ddt can mean problems for the ecosystem | it is non-degradeable so it will take a really long time ti exit the ecosystem once it has entered it |
| define biological magnification | the stroied toxins accumulated by the producers are passed up by there consumers to the top of the food chain |
| which organism would have the most ddt if it got into the ecosystem | |
| what % of the earths atmoshere is oxygen | 21% |
| specialized bacteria break down nitrogen and release what? | nitrates and they are called nitrogen fixing bacteria |
| how does fossilized carbon re enter the carbon cycle? | fossil fuels and combustion |
| list some human activities that release more carbon into the atmosphere | driving, using factories and smoking |
| .0. |
Created by:
RyMo
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