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Living Standards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Human Development Index (HDI) | A tool developed by the United Nations to measure and rank countries' levels of social and economic development based on four criteria: Life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling and gross national income per capita. |
| Standard of Living | the degree of wealth and material comfort available to a person or community |
| Literacy rate | The condition or quality of being literate, especially the ability to read and write |
| Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita | the total value of goods produced and services provided in a country during one year |
| Non Governmental Organization (NGO's) | are legally constituted corporations created by natural or legal people that operate independently from any form of government |
| Infrastructure | the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, and power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise |
| Newly Industrializing countries | The category of newly industrialized country is a socioeconomic classification applied to several countries around the world by political scientists and economists |
| Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC's) | are a group of 39 developing countries with high levels of poverty and debt overhang which are eligible for special assistance from the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank |
| Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) | are eight international development goals that were established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000, following the adoption of the United Nations Millennium Declaration |
| Mortality | the state of being subject to death |
| Malnutrition | lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat |
| globalization | growth to a global or worldwide scale; "the globalization of the communication industry" |
| Multinational Corporations (MNCs) | A multinational corporation or multinational enterprise is a corporation that is registered in more than one country or that has operations in more than one country. It is a large corporation which both produces and sells goods or services in various coun |
| World Bank | International Bank for Reconstruction and Development: a United Nations agency created to assist developing nations by loans guaranteed by member governments |
| Organizations for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; an association of 34 nations to promote growth and trade, set up in 1961 to supersede the OEEC |
| International Monetary Fund (IMF) | a United Nations agency to promote trade by increasing the exchange stability of the major currencies |
| Megaproject | A megaproject is an extremely large-scale investment project. Megaprojects are typically defined as costing more than US$1 billion and attracting a lot of public attention because of substantial impacts on communities, environment, and budgets |
| Commodities | Something useful that can be turned to commercial or other advantage |
| Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) | Structural adjustments are the policies implemented by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in developing countries. These policy changes are conditions for receiving new loans from the IMF or World Bank or for obtaining lower interest rates |
| Bilateral Aid | a voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another. Humanitarianism and altruism are at least partly an objective for the giving of aid |
| Subsistence farming | farming that provides for the basic needs of the farmer without surpluses for marketing |
| United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) | an agency of the United Nations responsible for programs to aid education and the health of children and mothers in developing countries |
| Ethnic Cleansing | the mass expulsion or killing of members of an unwanted ethnic or religious group in a society |
| Bonded Labour | is a person's pledge of their labor or services as repayment for a loan or other debt. The services required to repay the debt may be undefined, and the services' duration may be undefined |
| Subsidies | a sum of money granted by the government or a public body to assist an industry or business |
Created by:
jakemcneill
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