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World Civilization

hard

TermDefinition
Nucleus contains protons and neutrons, + charge, heavy, small, and dense
cloud is... much larger than a nucleus
orbitals varies on the shape of an electron
prtotons +1 charge, heavy mass, located on nucleus
Neutron 0 charge, heavy mass, located in the nucleus
Electron -1 charge, light and located on the electron cloud
Atomic number # of protons, identifies which element an atom is
Mass number # of protons and neutrons
Isotopes same # of protons different number of neutrons
Periodic Table Developed by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869 Originally ordered by mass today ordered by atomic number ordered left to right by increasing atomic #
Atomic mass Not the same as a mass number average mass of one atom of the element
protons same as atomic number
neutrons maass#-protons
electrons same as atomic number
metal Thermal/electricity (allows heat and electricity to travel through Malleable,ductile high density lustrous(shiny)
Semimetal A.K.A metalloids properties of both nonmetals and metals often are semi conductors
Organization periods horizontal rows (left and right) groups vertical (up and down)
group 1 Alkali metals
group 2 Alkalin earth metals
group 3-12 transition metals
group 16 chalcogens
group 17 halogens
group 18 nobel gases
valence electrons electrons in the outer most shell atoms can have up to 8 valence electrons based on group of the periodic table
octet rule atoms want to have 8 valence electrons atoms can gain, lose, or share valence electrons
Atomic radius The size of an atom as determined by the size of it electron cloud increase in size from top to bottom decrease in size from left to tight
Ionic Radius Cations-+ ions (smaller) Anions- -ions (larger)
Ionization energy atoms ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond decreases from top to bottom increases from left to right
Created by: cyn_dinh
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