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history exam
exam Chap 5,6,7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who did the Greeks worship and why? | They worshiped many gods. They believed the gods controlled nature and shapped their lives |
| Who was the chief god and where did he live? | Zeus and he lived on Mt. Olympus |
| Who was Homer and what epic poems did he write? | He was a Greek poet. He wrote the Illiad and the Odyssey |
| Who was Aesop and what was he best known for? | He was a slave who wrote Fables. "The Tortoise & the Hare" is one of his well known fables |
| Describe Greek Drama | It was a story told by actors who pretend to be characters in the story. Two types of dramas are the comedy and the tragedy |
| Who was Sophocles? | He was a playwrite who use 3 actors in his plays andalso used painted scenes. He is best known for "Oedipus" and "Antigone" |
| Who was Aeschylus? | He wrote tragedies. He introduced 2 actors, costumes, props and stage decorations |
| Who was Euripides? | He wrote about heros and real life |
| Who was Aristophanes? | he was the best known writer of Greek comedies |
| What are the 3 types of Greek Columns? | 1)Doric-plain, 2)Ionic-scroll, 3)Corinthian-decorative |
| Who was Socrates? | he was an Athenean Sculptor who taught by asking questions |
| Who was Plato? | A student of Socrates. He wrote a book called the "Republic". He deivided everyone into three groups 1)Philosiphers-rulers, 2)warriors, 3)everyone else |
| who was Aristotle? | A student of Plato. He wrote 200 books mainly about politics. He opened his own school called Lycem and taugh the "golden mean" |
| who was Herodotus? | He is know as the father of history. He is the first person to write down facts. Before him people would tell legends to pass down history |
| Who was Philip of Macedonia? | he was king of Masedonia |
| why did he invade Greece? | He wanted to unite all of Greece under Macedonia in order to defeat Persia |
| What was Alexander the Great known for? | He conquered the Persian Empire and spread Greek culture (ideas,language, architecture)throughout Asia |
| Why was Alexander the Great's empire divided? | His general began fighting with one another after he died |
| How was Alexander the Great's empire divided? | It was divided into Egyptian, Macedonian, Pergamum, and the Seleucid Empires |
| What are the two major cities of the earliest Indian civilization? | Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro |
| How did the Harappan civilization collapse? | There were several earthquakes and floods that damaged cities |
| What is a caste system? | a social grouping that somone is bon in and can not change |
| List the Caste systems from highest to lowest? | Brahmins(Priests), Kshatriyas(warriors), Vaisyas(common people), Sudras(unskilled laborers), Pariahs(untouchables) |
| What is Hinduism? | One of the oldest religions in the world and the third largest today. The universal spirit is called Brahman |
| What is Buddhism? | It is a religion focused on giving up desires of worldly things (fame, money) and pain & sorrow would banish. If a person did this, he would reach nirvana (state of wisdom) |
| Who started the Mauryan Empire? | Chandragupta Maurya |
| What was the capital city of the Mauryan Empire? | Pataliputra |
| Who was the greatest King of the Mauryan Empire? | Asoka |
| What were some of the accomplishments of the Mauryan Empire? | created a postal service, built hospitals for people and animals, road system made trade easier, carried Buddist religion to new believers |
| What caused the fall of the Mauryan Empire? | After Asoka the rulers were not good leaders and made bad decisions (heavy taxes and seized crops) that turned the people against them. |
| Who started the Gupta Empire? | Chandragupta |
| How did the Gupta Empire gain its wealth? | Trade with other areas |
| What were some of the accomplishments of the Gupta Empire? | Advances in Literature, science, art and math. |
| Myths | Traditional stories about gods and heroes |
| Oracle | A sacred shrine where a priest or priestess spoke for a god or goddess. Most famous is the temple of Apollo at Delphi |
| Epic | Earliest Greek stories. Were long poems that told about heroic deeds. Most famous are the "Illiad" and the "Odyssey" |
| fable | A short tale that teaches a lesson |
| drama | A story told by actors who pretend to be characters in a story. |
| tragedy | A story where a person struggles to overcome difficulties but fails |
| comedy | A story that ends happily |
| philosophy | "love of wisdom". Led to the study of history, political science, science and mathematics |
| philosophers | Greek thinkers who believed the human mind could understand everything |
| Sophist | professional teachers in ancient Greece |
| Socratic method | method of teaching that asks pointed questions to force students to use their reason to see things for themselves |
| legacy | what a person leaves behind when he or she dies |
| Hellenistic Era | time when the Greek language and ideas spread to the non-Greek people of southwest Asia |
| Epicureanism | Happiness was the goal of life. the way to be happy was to seek out pleasure. |
| Stoicism | Happiness comes from following reason, not emotion, and doing your duty |
| astronomer | a person who studies stars, planets, and other heavenly bodies |
| plane geometry | branch of mathematics that shows how points, lines, angles, and surfaces relate to one another |
| solid geometry | the study of ball-like shapes called spheres and tubelike shapes called cylinders. |
| subcontinent | India is separated from the rest of Asia by huge mountains |
| monsoon | strong winds that blow one direction in the winter and the opposite direction in summer |
| Sanskrit | India's first written language |
| raja | prince who led an Aryan tribe |
| caste | social group that someone is born into and cannot change |
| guru | teacher for boys of top families in Indian society |
| Brahman | the universal spirit in the Hindu religion |
| reincarnation | the idea of passing through many lives to reach Brahman |
| dharma | devine law that requires people to perform the duties of their caste |
| karma | the consequences of how a person lives |
| nirvana | a person who gives up all desires would reach a state of wisdom |
| theocracy | religious leaders head a government |
| dynasty | series of rulers from the same family |
| stupas | Buddhist shrines that have the shape of a dome or mound |
| pilgrims | people who used the trade routes to travel to religious shrines or sites |
Created by:
jpkelley1
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