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HIST Final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Containment | that communism should be contained |
| BRICS | emerging economics of the 21st century Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | - leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense, 13-day political and military standoff in October 1962 over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles on Cuba |
| Great Society | President Johnson’s social policy the culmination of the American welfare state |
| Civil Rights Movement | movement in the United States beginning in the 1960s and led primarily by Blacks in an effort to establish the civil rights of individual Black citizens |
| Perestroika | The restructuring of the Soviet economy and bureaucracy that began in the mid-1980s. |
| Mikhail Gorbachev | the last General Secretary of the Soviet Union. He brought about massive economic, social, and political changes and helped bring an end to both the Soviet Union and the Cold War. |
| Glasnost | An official policy of the former Soviet government emphasizing candor with regard to discussion of social problems and shortcomings |
| Martin Luther King Jr | civil rights leader and Baptist minister who campaigned against the segregation of Blacks |
| Margaret Thatcher | British stateswoman; first woman to serve as Prime Minister Conservative Leader |
| The Maastricht Treaty | aimed at unifying policies of defense, currency and citizenship among all 12 member nations. responsible for the creation of the European Union |
| New Democracy | the Canadian social democratic party formed in 1961 |
| Great Leap Forward | the attempt by the People's Republic of China in 1959-60 to solve the country's economic problems by labor-intensive industrialization |
| Cultural Revolution | a radical sociopolitical movement in China c1966–71, led by Mao Zedong and characterized by military rule, terrorism, purges, restructuring of the educational system, etc. |
| Deng Xiaoping | Chinese political leader who was twice purged from the Communist Party and twice rehabilitated before gaining supreme power in China. He officially retired as head of state in November 1989 |
| Four Modernizations | goals of the political leadership in China after the death of Mao Zedong: modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense, and science and technology. |
| Indira Gandhi | daughter of Nehru who served as prime minister of India from 1966 to 1977 |
| Sukarno | Indonesian statesman: president of the Republic of Indonesia |
| Pan-Africanism | the idea or advocacy of a political alliance or union of all the African nations. |
| Nelson Mandela | - born 1918, South African black antiapartheid activist: president of South Africa 1994-99. |
| David Ben-Gurion | An active Zionist who organized resistance against the British after World War II; prime minister of Israel |
| Gamal Abdul Nasser | Egyptian statesman who nationalized the Suez Canal |
| Ayatolla Khomeini | Iranian religious leader of the Shiites; when Shah Pahlavi's regime fell Khomeini established a new constitution giving him supreme powers. |
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