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Sociology Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Power in a marriage derives from | Personality |
| Forceful personality + temperament | Dominant role |
| The ability or potential to impose one's will on other people | Power |
| Having a __________ is important | sense of power |
| Affects Self esteem; inhibits satisfaction, love, and sharing of feelings; encourages manipulation | effects of unequal power in a relationship |
| Worthlessness, low self esteem, helpess, lack of autonomy, out of control, weak, susceptible to physical/emotional disorders | Powerlessness |
| Proud, confident, strong, ability to make choices about life, entitled, in control, on top, high self esteem | Empowerment |
| "I'm worried you'll punish me" Based on the fear that a partner with inflict punishment | Coercive power |
| "I'm going along with hopes that you'll reward me" Based on the belief that one's agreement with their partner with elicit rewards from the same partner. | Reward power |
| "You're the boss in this area" Based on one's opinion that the partner has specialized knowledge | Expert power |
| "I agreed earlier to comply when you ask" Based on one's partner having the right to ask you and you having the duty to comply. | Legitimate Power |
| "I admire the things you do, so I want to please you." Based on your identifying with admiring your spouse and receiving satisfaction by pleasing him or her. | Referent power |
| "You've convinced me of your viewpoint, so I'll do as you want" Persuasive power; one is persuaded by the partner that what he/she wants is in one's best interest. | Informational Power |
| Theory that suggests the balance of power in a relationship reflects to the relative resources of each spouse. "Whoever has the most resources has the most power" Ex.: Money, sex, connections, education/knowledge, and parenting skills | Blood and Wolfe's Resource Theory |
| Two contradictory things we crave in an intimate relationship | Closeness and Independence |
| The process of interaction that results when the behavior of one person's interferes with the behavior of another. | Conflict |
| considers conflict and anger wrong | Conflict taboo |
| Emphasizes support, understanding, happiness, and warm holiday rituals | Folk concept of the family. |
| Conflict is _______ to relationships | natural |
| Destructive behavior that is bad for relationships and families and even bad for health. | Negative conflicts |
| Unconscious suppression of feelings of anger so that they are expressed in other ways | Repressed anger |
| Saving up, or putting in an imaginary sack, grievances until they spill over. | gunnysacking |
| Expression of anger indirectly rather than directly | Passive-aggression |
| Ignoring your partner or saying everything is all right while sending nonverbal signals that they are not. | Silent treatment |
| The blaming of one particular family member for nearly everything that goes wrong in that family. | Scapegoating |
| When one partner, perhaps using sarcasm, constantly criticizes or denies the other's definition of reality, diminishing the other's self esteem. | Gaslighting |
| The kind of airing of differences that brings partners closer together. Builds self esteem, not diminishes it Helps clarify differences, keeps small issues from becoming big ones improves relationships | Positive Conflicts. |
| When 2 people use conflict to define and maintain power as equals, | both of them grow |
| How many times do couples argue a month? | 1-2 |
| Most disagreements that arise are never resovled | True |
| The household chores and child care that women, who are employed, do after returning home from their jobs | second shift |
| Among couples, what percentage report that they have constant arguments over housework? | 26% |
| Percentage of women who claim to do all of the housework. | 69% |
| Percentage of men who claim to work just as hard doing housework | 53% |
| Ratio of americans that argue about housework on a monthly basis | 1 out of 5 |
| Management, schedules, standards | topics of housework arguments |
| Ratio of marriages that claim money is the center of agruments | 1 out of 4 |
| ______ represents secrecy, power, value systems | money |
| Women are resentful when men only show affection when wanting sex | true |
| percentage of women claiming to be forced to have sex. | 9% |
| Believing your partner is supportive and honest | trust |
| Faithfulness to the marriage vows that both partners swore to. | Fidelity |
| how many divorces have at least one partner admitted to extramarital sex | 1/3 |
| What equals a happier marriage or relationship? | sharing power |
| Marital satisfaction _______ with children | slightly declines |
| "Conflict is war, and only one can win!" Assertive and uncooperative, viewing conflict as a war in which you force your way in order to win. | Competing |
| "If we ignore the problem, maybe it will go away." Unassertive and uncooperative | Parallel |
| "Let's try to find a harmonious solution" Unassertive. but cooperative; take a passive stance | Accomodating |
| "Let's seek a solution we can both live with" Somewhat assertive, but cooperative | Compromising |
| "Let's really work to benefit us both" Great deal of concern about advancing your interests but also those of your partner. | Collaborating |
| 1. Attack problems and avoid negativity. 2. Focus on specifics, "I feel" 3. Time and Place 4. Say what you mean, don't lie, and ask for what you want. 5. Let your partner know that you're listening - really listening- and work towards a resolution. | Ways to resolve conflict |
| "Roommate Marriages" People living under the same roof as roommates for years. No sexual bond, but develop of strong emotional bond | Platonic |
| Commuter, living-apart-together, transnational marriages | Living apart |
| Dual-career marriage in which each partner lives in a different geographical area, yet the pair still maintain their commitment to their family. | Commuter marriage |
| (LAT) couples or dual dwelling duos (DDDs) that are happily married couples who are committed to each other who live in separate quarters. | Living-Apart-togethers |
| One partner is in the United States and the other - and perhaps the children - are in another country. | Transnational marriages |
| Ratio of children living in grandparent headed homes | 1 out of 10 |
| ratio of children living in grandparent headed homes that are raised primarily by the grandparent | 4 out of 10 |
| adult children, usually in their 20s, who have moved back in with their parents | adultolescents |
| Percentage of adults living with their parents _______ between 1970 - 1990 | increased |
| a unit made up of two or more people who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption, and live together. | Traditional family |
| Consists of a person who lives alone or people who live with unrelated individuals within a housing unit. | Nonfamily Househole |
| the pattern by which a person organizes his or her living arrangements in relation to others. | lifestyle |
| There is a _______ in the percentage of married-couple housholds | decline |
| More than _______ of households now consist of people living alone | 1/4 |
| There is a ______ in the percentage of households with children. | decline |
| The birth rate percentage has ______ in 2008 | decreased |
| Married couples with children have ______ | decreased |
| Women are not waiting as long to get married and have children | False |
| smaller households, more burdens on working parents More female households More women workers | Reasons for changes in families and households. |
| The percentage of duo-working families has _________ from 1976 - 1998 | Increased |
| A couple living together in an emotional and sexual relationship without being married. | Cohabitation |
| People of the Opposite Sex Sharing Living Quarters | POSSLQs |
| _____ million Americans live with partners of the opposite sex | 7.5 |
| Highly insecure and desperate partner who wants someone. | the "Linus Blanket" |
| Express independence from their parents' values about sexuality | Emancipation |
| Needs fulfilled without benefits of a traditional marriage | convenience |
| Trial marriage | testing |
| Independent Sexual experience Attitudes Religion Income Education | characteristics of live togethers. |
| social tolerance Female equality Impermanence of marriage | reason why living together has increased |
| Partners are infatuated with one another | Year 1 (Blending) |
| Deemphasize sex and emphasize other grounds for compatibility | Years 2-3 (Nesting) |
| Establish patterns of stability and traditions | Years 4-5 (Maintaining) |
| Work: expected to support themselves Finances: financial independence Housework: Woman doesn't do all the work | Differences between marriages and living together |
| Relationship test Companionship with independence Easier termination | advantages of living together |
| Lack of Commitment Exploitation Fewer Legal Rights | Disadvantages of living together |
| The bringing forth of children | procreation |
| The state of being sexual, encompasses not only the biological aspects of sex, but psychological social and cultural aspect as well. | Sexuality |
| Refers to sexual inclinations - feelings and sexual interactions - whether for the opposite sex, same sex, or both. | Sexual orientation |
| Sexual inclination towards members of the opposite sex | Heterosexuality |
| sexual inclination towards the same sex members | Homosexuality |
| Homosexual men | Gay |
| homosexual women | Lesbian |
| Sexual inclination towards both sexes | bisexuality |
| Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender peopl | LGBT |
| Is 1/10 people gay? Theory by | Alfred Kinsey |
| Different study approaches. reluctance to reveal orientation, changing sexual behavior, sexual orientation is not expressed just through behavior, Sexual Orientation may lie along a continuum. | Problems of trying to determine the percentage of gays |
| Feelings of sensuality or sexuality | erotic feelings |
| Erotic feelings are directed towards a member of the same sex. | homoeroticism |
| Sensitization "Am I different?" | Stage 1 |
| Identity Confusion "I'll prove I'm not gay" | Stage 2 |
| Identity Assumption "I know I'm gay, but which people should I tell?" | Stage 3 |
| Commitment "I'm gay, but that's not all I am." | Stage 4 |
| Attitude or prejudging, usually negative, of an individual or group | Prejudice |
| an act of unfair treatment directed against an individual or group | Discrimination |
| (Anti-gay prejudice) negative attitudes towards homosexuality and homosexuals. | Homophobia |
| Stage 1: Offensive Language Stage 2: Discrimination Stage 3: Violence | Ways anti-gay prejudice can escalate. |
| Personal insecurity fundamentalist religion ignorance about homosexuality | Roots of Anti-gay feelings |
| "The happily married" | Closed Couples |
| "The unhappily married" | Open Couples |
| The highly sexuals | The functionals |
| The tormented | the Dysfunctionals |
| The lonely | the asexuals |
| Year 1: Blending Years 2-3: Nesting Years 4-5: Maintaining Years 6-10: Building Years 11-20: Releasing Years 20 on: Renewing | Six stages in a gay relationship. |
| 2 people, gay or straight, who have chosen to cohabit or share each other's lives in an intimate and committed relationship without being married. | Domestic partners |
| An attempt to give some kind of official recognition to providing domestic partners with the legal and economic benefits of marriage | Domestic partnerships |
| A civil status similar to marriage typically created for the purposes of allowing gays access to the benefits by married heterosexuals. | Civil Union |
| 1. Simple registries (Domestic partners) 2. Some don't have all the rights of married couples 3. Some are marriages in every way except name | Different types of civil unions |
| The legal process by which adult couples or singles voluntarily take a child born of other parents and raise them as their own child. | Adoption |
| (co-parent adoptions) situations in which gay or lesbian partners of a biological or adoptive parent is given full legal status as the child's second parent. | Second-parent Adoptions |
| An Adult who raises a child who is not his or her own for a short period of time but does not formally adopt that child. | Foster parent |
| Women who carry a child for another family | Surrogate mothers |
| Process in which sperm are introduced artificially into the woman's vagina or uterus at about the time of ovulation. | Artificial Insemination |
| A male who makes his sperm available for artificial insemination | Sperm Donor |
| 1. Known Sperm Donor 2. Knowable Sperm Donor 3. Unknown Sperm Donor | Types of Sperm Donors |
| A depository for storing Sperm | Sperm Bank |
Created by:
batleymm
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