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Review-Standards 1-2

TermDefinition
13th amendment abolished slavery (freed the slaves)
14th amendment gave African-Americans citizenship and equal protection under the law
15th amendment allowed African-Americans the right to vote (male citizens of all races)
Black Codes Laws that denied African-Americans many civil rights during Reconstruction.
carpetbaggers White Northerners in the South after the Civil War seeking private gain under the Reconstruction governments.
Freedmen's Bureau Federal agency that provided schools, hospitals, medical care, etc. to newly freed slaves.
Jim Crow Laws Laws passed in the South after Reconstruction enforcing segregation.
scalawags White Southerners who supported the Reconstruction governments after the Civil War often for private gain.
segregation separation of people of different races
sharecropping system of farming in which farmers rent land and pay the landowner with a share of the crops they raise
Battle of Little Big Horn Native American victory over United States soldiers, led to the United States becoming tougher on Native Americans aka Custer's Last Stand
cattle drive A way cowboys moved large herds of cattle from ranches in Texas north to towns along the railroads in the late 1800s.
exodusters African-American pioneers who fled the South to farm on the Great Plains.
Homestead Act Law offering free land to people willing to start new farms on the Great Plains, signed in 1862 (160 acres)
pioneer an early settler of a region
Ranch A large farm, especially in the western United States, on which large herds of cattle, sheep, or horses are raised.
range wars fights between farmers and ranchers over land
reservations Land set aside by the government for Native Americans - they were forced to move there.
sodbusters nickname for Great Plains farmers because they had to cut through sod to reach the fertile ground underneath.
technology use of new ideas to make tools that improve people's lives
transcontinental railroad a railroad built to connect the East Coast to the West Coast
Wounded Knee Last major conflict between Native Americans and the United States army - accidental discharge of a weapon led to a panic and the Army opened fire, massacring nearly all the Native Americans there
Created by: mrsgannon
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