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History Vocab Test

November 19 Test #3

TermDefinition
Gibbons vs. Ogden -1824- Chief justice John Marshall of the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution gave control of interstate commerce to the U.S. Congress, not the individual state, through which a route passed.
Individual Rights -Many people opposed the Constitution of 1787 because they felt it did not offer adequate protection of individual rights. The Bill of Rights were created to protect our individual rights.
Industrial Revolution Period of rapid growth; started in Britain in the 1700s and spread throughout the world as more countries adopted mass production.
Thomas Jefferson - Wrote the Declaration of Independence - 3rd President - Purchased a large track of land that was known as the Louisiana Territory that doubled the size of the U.S.
Alexander Hamilton -Served in the Continental Congress, was General Washington's aide during the Revolutionary War and was delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1787; supported a strong national government; helped write the Federalist Papers; first secretary of the t
Judicial Review -When the judicial branch of the federal government determines whether or not a law may be constitutional or unconstitutional. Basically established that no law was above what was in the Constitution.
Limited Government -Everyone, including authority figures, must obey the laws Constitutions, statements of rights, or other laws define the limits of those in power, so they cannot take advantage of their elected, appointed, or inherited positions.
Manifest Destiny -A popular expression in the 1840s; belief that the U.S. was destined to secure lands north, west of Oklahoma, and west of Texas.
Marbury vs. Madison -Was the first judgment by the Supreme Court which supported the federal system of government. In 1803, Chief Justice John Marshall, a federalist, upheld and strengthened the authority of the federal judiciary by establishing judicial review.
Monroe Doctrine A statement of U.S. foreign policy which proclaimed Europe should not interfere in affairs within the U.S. or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere, and that the U.S. would not interfere in Europe.
McCullough vs. Maryland Supreme Court case decided in 1819; Maryland was opposed to the establishment of a national bank and challenged the authority of the federal govt.; court ruled that power of Fed. Govt. was supreme over the states; established that the Constitution was the
John Paul Jones Considered the founder of the U.S. Navy. Great Naval hero during the American Revolution; famous quote attributed to him was, "I have not yet begun to fight."
Naturalized Citizen Is a person of foreign birth who is granted full citizenship.
Northwest Ordinance Enacted in 1787; is considered one of the most significant achievements of the Articles of Confederation. It established a system for setting up governments in the western territories so they could eventually join the Union on equal footing with the origi
Fredrick Douglass Leading African-American abolitionist in the 1800s; former slaves who purchased his freedom and spent the rest of his life fighting for an end to slavery.
Nullification Crisis 1828- Congress approved a high tariff to protect U.S. interest from foreign trade. This hurt the Southern state's economy. These states stated that the federal government had no authority over individuals, states, and trade. South Carolina said that it wo
Philadelphia Convention Convention held in Pennsylvania in 1787; sole purpose was to amend the Articles of Confederation. Threw them out and started over, came up with the U.S. Constitution that we have today.
The Plantation System System of agriculture production based on large-scale land ownership and the exploitation of labor and the environment.
Self-Government The rule of a state, community, or other group by its members. When a group elects its own members.
Ratify To approve, or give formal consent to something.
Created by: eabowman
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