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Methods Final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| History | Outside influence on particpants during expt. over extended period of time |
| Maturation | lengthy studies, changes in subjects overtime, caused by natural development |
| Selection | Bias in selection/assigning to groups |
| Instrumentionation | changes in the scoring procedure |
| Statistical Regression | tendency for extreme scorers to move towards more typcial perfomance when retested |
| Mortality | changes in group composition because some participants have left the study |
| Multiple Treatment Inference | several treatments occur simultaneously |
| Hawtorn Effect | Reactive effects of experimental arrangements, subjects aware of study and therefore alter behavior |
| Experimenter Effect | Tendency of the individuals to improve simply because they are being treated (placebo effect) |
| Internal Validity | prove treatment caused the different effect |
| External Validity | generalizing the results to population |
| Internal Reliability | Members of research team agree about what they see and hear, more than one observer confirming |
| External Reliability | Can the study be replicated |
| Narrative Study | Reports to the life of a single individual |
| Case Study | Study of one particular phenomena with detailed in-depth data collection |
| Grounded Theory | Developing theory grounded in research from the field |
| Phenomenology | Describes the meaning for several individuals of their lived experiences of a concept or a phenomenon ex. Terminally ill cancer patients |
| Ethnography | focuses on entire culture group ex. swingers |
| Harm to Participants | physical, emotional, psychological, risk to health |
| Informed Consent | must be voluntary, consent has grey areas so researcher needs to be careful when asking for consent |
| Invasion of Privacy | protect confidentiality and privacy |
| Deception | people don't like to be tricked, but research sometimes requires it, debriefing helps to difuse tension |
| Pre-Test Post-Test Control Group Design | R O O R O X O |
| Post-Test Only Control Group Design | R O R X O |
| Solomon Four-Group Design | R O X O R O O R X O R O |
| Pre-experimental One Group Pre-Test Design | A O X O |