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Ch. 16
Chapter 16
Term | Definition |
---|---|
1. satellite state | independent nation under the control of a more powerful nation |
2. Cold War | worldwide rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union |
3. iron curtain | term coined by Winston Churchill to describe the border between the Soviet satellite states and Western Europe |
4. containment | policy of keeping communism contained within its existing borders |
5. Marshall Plan | foreign policy that offered economic aid to Western European countries after WWII |
6. Berlin airlift | program in which U.S. and British pilots flew sullies to West Berlin during a Soviet blockade |
7. NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) | military alliance formed to counter Soviet expansion |
8. Warsaw Pact | military alliance of the Soviet Union and its satellite states |
9. 38th parallel | divided line between the United States and the Soviet Union (latitude) |
10. limited war | war fought to achieve only specific goals |
11. SEATO (Southeast Asia Treaty Organization) | defensive alliance aimed at preventing communist aggression in Asia |
12. arms race | contest in which nations compete to build more powerful weapons |
13. mutually assured destruction | policy in which the United States and the Soviet Union helped to deter nuclear war by building up enough weapons to destroy one another |
14. massive retaliation | policy of threatening to use massive force in response to aggression |
15. brinkmanship | belief that only by going to the brink of war could the United States protect itself against communist aggression |
16. nationalize | to place a resource under government control |
17. Suez crisis | attempt by France and Great Britain to seize control of the Suez Canal in 1956 |
18. Eisenhower Doctrine | policy of President Eisenhower that stated that the United States would use force to help any nation threatened by communism |
19. CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) | U.S. intelligence-gathering organization |
20. NASA (National Aeronautics & Space Administration) | government agency that coordinates U.S. efforts in space |
21. Red Scare | fear that communists were working to destroy the American way of life |
22. Smith Act | law that made it unlawful to teach or advocate the violent overthrow of the United States government |
23. HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee) | congressional committee that investigated possible subversive activities within the United States |
24. Hollywood Ten | group of movie writers, directors, and producers who refused to answer HUAC questions about communist ties |
25. blacklist | list of persons who were not hired because of suspected communists ties |
26. McCarthyism | negative catchword for extreme, reckless charges of disloyalty |
27. Truman Doctrine | President Truman's promise to help nations struggling against communist movements |