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Bemidji HS-Civics
Civics Chapter3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| constitution | a detailed written plan for government |
| bicameral | a legislature consisting of two parts, or houses |
| confederation | a group of individuals or state governments |
| Articles of Confederation | the first constitution of the United States |
| ratify | to vote approval of |
| ordinance | a law, usually of a city or county |
| Ordinance of 1785 | a law that set up a plan for surveying western lands |
| Northwest Ordinance | 1787 law that set up a government for the Northwest Territory and a plan for admitting new states to the Union |
| Shay's Rebellion | an uprising of Massachusetts farmers who did not want to lose their farms because of debt caused by heavy state taxes after the American Revolution |
| Constitutional Convention | meetings of state delegates in 1787 leading to adoption of a new Constitution |
| Great Compromise | agreement providing a dual system of congressional representation |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | agreement providing that enslaved persons would count as three-fifths of other persons in determining representation in Congress |
| Electoral College | a group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president |
| Federalist | a supporter of the Constitution |
| federalism | a form of government in which power is divided between the federal, or national, government and the states |
| The Federalist Papers | a series of essays written to defend the Constitution |
| Anti-Federalist | a person who opposed ratification of the Constitution |
| Preamble | the opening section of the Constitution |
| article | one of several main parts of the Constitution |
| amendment | any change in the Constitution |
| legislative branch | the lawmaking branch of government |
| executive branch | the branch of government that carries out laws |
| judicial branch | the branch of government that interprets law |
| popular sovereignty | the idea that power lies with the people |
| limited government | a government that can do only what the people allow it to do |
| rule of law | the principle that the law applies to everyone, even those who govern |
| separation of powers | the split authority among the legislative, executive and judicial branches |
| check and balances | a system in which each branch of government is able to check, or restrain, the power of the others |
| enumerated powers | powers directly granted to the national government by the constitution |
| reserved powers | powers the Constitution does not give to the federal government; powers set aside for the states |
| concurrent powers | powers shared by the state and federal governments |
| supremacy clause | a clause stating that the Constitution and other laws and treaties made by the national government are "the supreme Law of the Land" |
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