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Mr. Belyea
Social Studies Unit 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The first president of the United States | George Washington |
| Benjamin Banneker | Inventor, Mathematician, Astronomer, Committee to plan US Capitol, Survey land that became Washington DC, built clock out of wood |
| Abigail Adams | First Lady, Letters that help historians learn about US history, supported independence from England, women's rights and abolition of slavery |
| Benjamin Rush | Doctor Political Leader, signer of Declaration of Independence, lead Pennsylvania in ratifying the US Constitution, wrote Pennylvania State Constitution |
| James Madison | Political Leader, kept written record of Constitutional Convention, 4th President of US |
| Alexander Hamilton | appointed by George Washinton to serve as his aid in American Revolution, Drive to Lawyer, ratify the Constitution, First Secretary of the treasury of the US |
| Tecumseh | persuasive speaker and leader, unified Shawnee Leader, Native Americans to resist American Settlement, join forces with British during war of 1812 |
| Meriwether Lewis | Army Captain/ Explorer, teamed with William Clark to explore the Louisiana territory, kept detailed records of exploration, Governor of Louisiana territory |
| Sacagawea | Interpreter/ Guide, Shoshone who accompanied Lewis and Clark on their expedition, helped explorers communicate with native americans, saved important journals and items when expedition boat tipped over. |
| Articles of the Confederation | 1781, the 13 states established a weak central government. |
| What event made people worry that the government was too weak | Shay's Rebellion, revolt of farmers |
| What happened when the states representatives met in 1787 | they wanted to make central government stronger therefore they got rid of the Articales of Confederation and started writing the Constitution |
| Who was the first president of the US in 1789 | Geroge Washington |
| what did President George Washington establish | A cabinet |
| What is a cabinet | a group of advisors |
| Where did President George Washington move capitol | Washington DC |
| What did the United States purchase in 1803 | the Louisiana Territory |
| Who did the US fight in the war of 1812 | Britain |
| What was written to celebrate victory of the War of 1812 | the song of the US, the star spangeled banner |
| When and where was Shay's Rebellelion | in Springfield Massachusettes in 1786 |
| When and where did delegates meet to write the constitution | Philadelphia Pennsylvania in 1786 |
| When and where were writings of The Federalist encourage the acceptance of the Constitution | New York City, New York in 1787 |
| How many people met to write the constitution | 55 |
| Where did they meet to write the constitution | Philadelphia Pennsylvania |
| When did they meet to write the Constitution | 1787 |
| What was the purpose of the Constitution | it created a structure to govern the US, set up plans for our representative democracy and protects our freedoms. |
| what is an example of our changing constitution | giving more people the right to vote |
| What is a confederation | a group or a league |
| What did the Article of Confederation state | the states would keep their "freedom and independence" and be joined in a firm league of friendship, all 13 states had to ratify it |
| Ratify | to approve something |
| When were the articles of the confederation ratified | 1781 |
| who was the main governing body under the Articles of Confederation | congress |
| What did congress do under the Articles of Confederation | make laws for the new nation, it could ask each state to give taxes to pay for the expenses of congress |
| what couldnt congress do under the Articles of Confederation | it could not pass laws to collect taxes to run the government |
| How many votes in Congress did each state have | One |
| How votes in congress were needed to pass a law | at least 9 out of the 13 states had to vote for it |
| What did the Articles of Confederation set up | a central government with only one branch-a legislature called Congress |
| what is a legislative branch | the part of government that passes laws |
| Who heads an executive branch | a president |
| what is a judicial branch | a court system, to interpret laws |
| what two branches didnt the Articles of Confederation have | executive and judicial |
| why did the Articles of Confederation weaken the central government | the government was not able to pass laws or collect taxes |
| Why did congress borrow money | to fight the American Revolution |
| Who did congress borrow the money from | private people and foreign countries |
| why couldnt congress repay debts | it did not have the ability to collect taxes |
| what else couldnt congress pay during American Revolution | its soldiers |
| What was the problem with money | the states could make their own money and the money was of different value |
| what is the money called that congress printed | continentals |
| what happened to congress money during the American Revolution | it became worthless due to inflation |
| what is inflation | when prices rise very quickly |
| what happens to the value of money when their is increased inflation | the value is less and it does not buy what it used to |
| what does "not worth a continental" mean | little or no value |
| Why did some countries have little respect for the US | because congress could not pass laws or make rules for trade with the nations of Europe |
| Who are the nationalist | a group of concerned american that began arguing for a newer, stronger form of national government |
| Which leaders of the Revolution where Nationalists | George Washington and Benjamin Franklin |
| Who said | "If the powers of Congress are inadequate, amend or alter them." |
| Whay did farmers rebell in Shay's rebellion | becuase massachusettes taxed farmers on their farmland to repay the moneyed owed to fight the Revolutionary War. if they didnt pay they lost their land and where put into jail |
| What happened when the farmers couldnt pay property tax and other debts | the government seized their farms and put into jail |
| who was Daniel Shays | an angry farmer that was a veteran of the Revolution war that fought at the battles of Bunker Hill and rose to rank of Captain |
| What did Shays have to sell to pay debts | His Sword in honor of his services at Bunker Hill |
| What did Shays become leader of | A movement that would demand lower taxes and the closing of courts that punish debtors. |
| what is a debtor | a person that owes money |
| who lead the ragtag army and what did they do | Captain Shays lead army and they closed the court at Springfield Massachusettes |
| what weapons did Shays ragtag army have | clubs |
| what did Shays ragtag army do to get better weapons | they attacked the federal arsenal at Springfield to get rifles and ammunition |
| what was the federal arsenal in Springfield | where weapons and ammunition were stored |
| Was Shays attack successful | no |
| What did Shays rebellion do | gave nationalist more ammunition in their battle to strengthen national government |
| What revolution was also occuring at the same time | the French Revolution |
| What is the Northwest Territory | new lands gained by the US that stretched to Mississippi River in the west |
| What is the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | an official order that commanded that the Northwest Territory be divided into smaller territories and described the steps that all territories would follow to become states. |
| What did Congress do with new territory | name a governor and three judges to govern the territory |
| what happened when territory reached 5000 free adult males | the territory could elect a legislature |
| what happened when territory reached 60000 free adult males | the territory could ask, petition, to become a state |
| what happened when congress ratified the territory | the territory would stand "on equal footing with the original states" |
| what did the Northwest Ordinance prohibit | slavery in the Northwest Territory |
| what did the Northwest established | promised the rights of freedom of speech and religion and trial by jury to settlers and public schools |
| What was the Meeting in 1787 in Philadelphia held for | "the sole and express purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation" |
| List summary order of events | Articles of Confederation, Shays Rebellion, Northwest Ordinance |
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