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Crull's EH Vocab
European History Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Democracy | A government in which the citizens vote for all matters involving government issues. |
| Oligarchy | A government ruled by a few: usually the military. |
| Monarchy | A government ruled by a king or queen. |
| City-state | A city & its surrounding area that are an individual nation. |
| Republic | A government in which the citizens vote for representatives who handle all matters involving government issues. Also known as a representative democracy. |
| Nomad | An individual who wanders from place to place in search of food, water, and other necessities of life. |
| Aqueduct | A waterway constructed to move water & sewage from one place to another. |
| Romance languages | Languages that are a mixture of Latin and the language native to a region. Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, & French are examples. |
| Vassal | A person under the protection of a feudal lord to whom he has vowed loyalty. |
| Feudalism | The system of society during the Middle Ages in which vassals held land from kings in exchange for military service. |
| Argriculture | Farming |
| Serf | A peasant who is legally bound to live and work on land owned by a lord. |
| Noble | A person related to a hereditary class with special status in society or politics, especially in the feudal period. |
| Renaissance | A time of a renewed interest in art and learning in Europe; "rebirth" |
| Humanism | The study of secular, or nonreligious, subjects , such as history & philosophy |
| Perspective | A technique that allows artists to portray a three-dimensional space on a flat surface |
| Reformation | A religious movement in which calls for reform led to the emergence of non-Catholic, or Protestant, churches |
| Catholic Reformation | Changes made by the Catholic Church to keep Catholicism strong; response to the Reformation |
| Cartography | The science of making accurate maps & globes |
| Caravel | Small triangular-sailed oceangoing ships |
| Plantation | Large commercial farm |
| Northwest Passage | Hypothetical North American passage between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans |
| Triangular Trade | Three-staged trade pattern that carried goods and enslaved people among Europe, Africa, and the Americas |
| Absolutism | Centralized and unlimited government power |
| The Columbian Exchange | A period of cultural and biological exchange between the American & Afro-Eurasian hemispheres following Columbus's 1492 voyage. Items included animals, plants, culture, human populations (including slaves), communicable disease, technology and ideas. |
| Scientific Revolution | A series of major advances in science during the 1500s and 1600s |
| Enlightenment | A period during the 1600s and 1700s when scholars studies culture and society by applying reason and natural law |
| English Bill of Rights | An act passed in 1689 that limited the power of the English monarch and increased Parliament's power. |
| French Revolution | A political movement that removed the French king from power and formed a republic |
| Industrial Revolution | A time in which new technologies transformed manufacturing and changed society forever |
| Magna Carta | The first document forced onto a King of England by his subjects to limit his powers by law and protect their privileges. (1215) |
| Divine Right of Kings | The theory that kings get their power from God and cannot have their power limited by their subjects. |
| Indigenous | Native to an area |
| Colony | A territory under the control of another nation |
| Allied Powers | The Triple Entente in WWI; France, the British Empire, Russia; Italy (after 1915) Japan, Belgium, Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, Romania and the Czechoslovakia were secondary members of the Entente. The United States joined in 1917. |
| Central Powers | In WWI - Germany, the Austria–Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria |
| Great War | World War I (1914 - 1918) |
| Militarism | Building up military power and adopting warlike attitudes |
| Alliance | An agreement between two parties for their mutual benefit |
| Ally | A person or group that gives help to another person or group |
| Nationalism | Devotion to one's country |
| Revolution | An event that causes major changes in the way people do things |
| Ottoman Empire | An empire founded by Turkish tribes near modern day Turkey |
| Scramble for Africa | The invasion, occupation, colonization, and annexation of African territory by European powers during the Imperialism period between 1881 and 1914 |
| Primary Source | Information that comes directly from a person who experienced an event |
| Ethnic Group | Relating to or characteristic of a human group having racial, religious, linguistic, and certain other traits in common |
| Imperialism | Extending empires by seizing territories and colonizing Africa & Asia. |
| Secondary Source | Information about an event that does not come from a person who experienced the event. |
Created by:
cmd15432
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