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History
English Medieval Monarchies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who dominated the people in England? | the anglo saxons |
| How did they choose the monarchy at first? | It was elective but it had to be a relative |
| Who took over England in 800? | the Dane Vikings |
| In 1042 who took back over? | the anglo saxons |
| What did the government change once the anglo saxons took back over? | they made the monarchy hereditary |
| How did Edward the Confessor get his name? | he spent most of his time at the church, saintly/ Godly |
| What was Edward the Confessor famous for? | the Westminster Abby |
| What is an earl? | a wealthier count |
| Why did Edward have succession troubles? | he didn't have any kids |
| Why did Harold Godwin claim he had the right to the thrown? | son of a powerful earl, sister married Edward, on Edward's death bed E claimed him heir |
| Why did William Duke of Normandy claim he had a right to the thrown? | CMBS, distant cousins with Edward, E promised him the thrown, Godwinson oaths to support Will |
| Why did Harold Hadrada claim he had the right to the thrown? | when the Danes ruled he was the heir so he thought he should have the thrown |
| Who did the earls elect for king? | Godwinson |
| Why was William angry with Godwinson when he became king? | he broke the oath |
| Who gathered 300 soldiers and ships to invade? | Harold Hadrada |
| Who gathered 6000 ships and soldiers to invade? | William Duke of Normandy |
| Where did William invade from? | he came from south and crossed the channel |
| Who fought in the battle at Stanford Bridge and what was the outcome? | Harold Godwin and Harold Hadrada, godwin won |
| How far did Godwin's army travel in 9 days to get to the battle of Hastings? | 250mi. |
| What year was the battle at Stanford Bridge? | September 25, 1066 |
| Who fought in the battle of Hastings, where was it fought, and what was the outcome? | Godwinson and William, fought in a town called Battle, William won |
| How did Harold Godwinson die? | during the battle of Hastings he was shot in the eye which oddly enough meant he was lying about something |
| How did the anglo saxons feel about him? | does nothing to try and get them to like him, lessens the earls' power, does everything in French |
| What is a Shire? | a county (country side) |
| What is a sheriff? | he collects taxes, enforces the king's laws |
| What is the Great Council? | a large group of Norman and anglo nobles and bishops that advise the king |
| What is the Curia Regis? | A small permanent council made up of members of the Great Council representing the royal house |
| What did William do for his old people back in Normandy once he became king of England? | Gave them half of England and took one fifth for himself |
| Why did William give his old followers half of England? | reward vassels for fighting, fiefs, feudalism |
| What is the one fifth of England that William took for himself called now? | the royal demesne |
| What is the Norman Archbishop of Canterbury? | head of Catholic Church |
| What is the Domesday Book? | a record of all the land everyone owned and all the taxes owed |
| Why was the Domesday Book created? | so people couldn't lie about what they owed |
| What was the Oath of Salisbury? | It was a giant investiture, made it illegal to try and take the thrown, will wanted to make sure his vassals were loyal even after defeat |
| What happened after William1 died? | his son William2 took over but he got shot with an arrow and his younger brother, Henry1, took over |
| What languages did Henry1 speak? | English and French |
| What was Henry1 known for? | Charter of Liberties |
| What was the Charter of Liberties? | made to bind the church, contains documents, declaration, laws, and made for political needs |
| What was the Justiciar of Viceroy? | the assistant king, 2nd in command, most trusted advisor |
| Who was the treasurer? | collect taxes, in charge of the Domesday Book |
| Who is the Chancellor? | chief legal officer, court system |
| who is the Exchequer? | budget manager |
| What was the Court of Appeals? | they decide all the cases |
| What was the Advisory Council? | they advise the king and follow him everywhere he goes |
| What were the Coroners? | They investigated suspicious deaths |
| What would the Traveling Judges do? | Hear cases all over and attempt to keep common-law |
| Who was Henry 2? | Grandson of Henry1, Enlarged the Kingdom, strengthened the royal courts, and family troubles |
| Who were the kings during the Angevins Dynasty? | Henry1, Richard1,King John |
| How did Henry2 enlarge his kingdom? | married his three daughters to different royalties through Europe |
| Who was Eleanor of Aquitaine? | wife of Henry2 and owned land in west France |
| What does Assize mean? | its a legal charter |
| What is Clarendon? | its an hour north of London |
| To strengthen the royal courts what did Henry2 want to expand and why? | the jurisdiction which expands his power |
| To strengthen the royal courts what were the two things Henry2 created? | a procedure for criminal justice, and a 2 level court system |
| What did the first level in the court system do? | 12-40 people, investigates crimes, listens to evidence presented by coroners or sheriff, if there is enough evidence they will indict someone |
| What does INDICT mean? | formally bring charges against the personal formally charge with the crime, GOAL is to indict someone |
| What does the second level of the court system do? | trial, listen to evidence, more evidence than what the grand jury heard, decide guilty/innocent, judge gives punishment |
| What did Henry2 finally create throughout Europe? | common law |
| Who did Henry2 have trouble with? | his 4 sons, and Thomas Becket |
| Who was Thomas Becket? | Chacelbr, Archbishop of Canterbury, Henry wanted to merge the royal and church courts but Becket said no, Becket moves to France for seven year, then gets shunned by the church, then assassinated by Henry's knights in 1170 |
| What made the division between the church court and the royal court even stronger? | Henry2's knights killing Becket |
| How did Richard1 the lionhearted get his nickname? | loving the military, being brave |
| What made Richard1 different from all the other kings? | he was educated and composed poetry |
| How long would Richard1 rule? | 6 months out of 10 years |
Created by:
Kristenleland
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