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NWHSU CNS Exam 1
CNS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Areas 3,1,2 are located in the ___lobe? | Parietal |
| The L and R thalami are separated by the __? | 3rd ventricle |
| What group of fibers connects the pons and cerebellum? | Middle cerebellar peduncle |
| The inferior colliculus is located? | Tectum of the midbrain |
| Descending motor fibers regulate muscle tone through input to the ___ of the spinal cord. | Gamma motor neurons |
| Define spinal segment? | Segment of spinal cord where spinal nerve is directly attached |
| Comparing the composition of blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), CSF contains makedly less __ than does the serum. | Protein |
| Tight junctions between choroidal epithelial cells is the basis of the _____? | Blood brain barrier |
| What demyelinating disease is associated with elevated levels of gamma globulin in the CSF? | Multiple Sclerosis |
| Failure of that embryonic event results in anencephaly? | Failure of closured of Anterior Neuropore |
| In Arnold-Chiari malformation, CSF flow is blocked bc of displacement of ___? | Cerebellum & Medulla |
| Name the two major arteries branching off the segmental spinal artery? | Anterior and posterior radicular artery |
| What is the most common site of congenital aneurysm? | Circle of Willis |
| The __ artery supplies the posterior lateral portion of the open medulla. | Posterior Inferior Cerebellar |
| What deficits would likely occur with occlusion of the left posterior spinal artery after supplying the L5 spinal cord? Explain. | None due to anastomosis bw the R and L posterior spinal arteries. |
| Which of the following may produce cerebral Ischemia? | Hemorrhage, Emboli, Increased intracranial pressure |
| Name the type of hemorrhage caused by tearing of a meningeal artery or vein? | Epidural |
| Name the type of hemorrhage caused by tearing the superior cerebral vein as it empties in the superior sagittal sinus? | Subdural |
| Name the type of hemorrhage that would result in yellow CSF? | Subarachniod |
| Name signs or symptoms of increased intracranial pressure? | Lethargy, Nausea and vomiting, increased blood pressure ***NO INCREASED HEART RATE*** |
| Name the area of diencephalon involved with cirdadian rhythms? | Epithalamus |
| Name the are of diencephalon involved with autonomic and endocrine control? | Hypothalamus |
| What thalamic nuclei PROJECTS specifically to the motor cortices? | Ventral Lateral |
| What thalamic nuclei PROJECTS to areas 41, and 42? | Medial geniculate |
| What thalamic nuclei RECEIVES afferents from sensory association cortices? | Pulvinar |
| What thalamic nuclei RECEIVES afferents from the paleospinothalamic tract? | Intralaminar and posterior complex |
| The L superior longitudinal fasciculus is interrupted. A deficit in what ability is likely affected? | Speech |
| Name the source of afferents to areas 5 & 7 on the R: Association fiber from ____? | R 3,1,2 |
| Name the source of afferents to areas 5 & 7 on the R: Commissural fibers from ___? | Left 5,7 |
| Fibers in the consensual pupillary light response decussate in the ____? | Posterior commissure |
| Which brainstem nuclei send info INTO the cerebellum? | Reticular nuclei, lateral cutaneous nuclei, mesencephalic nuclei |
| Name the general sensory tracts which terminate (at last in part) on the reticular nuclei of the brainstem? | Paleospinothalamic tract, Spinoreticular tract, ventral trigeminothalamic tract |
| Which pathway from the lower extremity carries proprioception integrated with information about the level of excitation of the lower motor neuron? | Ventral spinocerebellar |
| The R neospinothamic tract originates in the ___ and terminates on the ____? | L nucleus proprius. R ventral posterior lateral nucleus of the thalamus |
| The nerve cell bodies for fibers of the left dorsal spinocerebellar tract from the ___ which is located ____? | Nucleus dorsalis. T1-L2,3 |
| Consider an anterior cavitation of the central canal in the T10-L3 spinal cord. What areas of the body have a deficit in pain? | Bilateral pain in T10-L3 dermatones |
| Hemidissection of R C2 spinal cord. What sensory deficits are expected in the R arm? | Discriminating touch, Conscious proprioception |
| Hemidissection of R C2 spinal cord. What sensory deficits are expected in the L leg? | Pain |
| Hemidissection of R C2 spinal cord. What sensory deficits are expected on the R cheek? | Pain |
| Hemidissection of R C2 spinal cord. What sensory deficits are expected in the R C2 dermatome? | Pain, Discriminating touch, conscious proprioception |
| Consider an occlusion of the anterior spinal artery at the T3 spinal cord. What areas will have a deficit in pain? | R leg, L leg |
| Consider an occlusion of the anterior spinal artery at the T3 spinal cord. What areas will have a deficit in discriminating touch? | No area of deficits listed |
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