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Unit 3 (King's HUSH)
Articles of Confederation, Constitution Convention, Ratification
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What historic event took place during the formation of the nation's government and convinced many that the AOC needed to change? | Shays' Rebellion |
| How many branches of government were in the Articles of Confederation? | One. The Legislative Branch consisting of a congress that made laws. |
| How many delegates were sent to congress from each state? And how many votes did each state have? | Each state sent 2-7 delegates depending on population. Only one vote was allowed per state. |
| The 2nd Continental Congress under the AOC had the power to... (name all 5) | declare War, form alliances, manage indian affairs, establish post offices, print money, regulate trade with other countries, borrow money, and regulate standards for weights and measures. |
| The 2nd Continental Congress under the AOC did NOT have the power to.... (name all 5) | tax, control trade between states, settle disputes between states, draft an army, or collect state debt. |
| Amendments or changes and additions to the Articles of Confederation required the approval of (blank) states | all 13 states |
| Under the AOC, how many states had to approve of new laws. | 9 out of 13 states |
| The land ordinance of 1785 provided for division and sale of the lands in what territory? | north western |
| Under the Land Ordinance of 1787, land was organized into 6 by 6..... | townships |
| According to the Land Ordinance of 1785, the sale of section 16 would be used to fund.... | public schools |
| The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 banned ____ in the Northwest territory (west of the Appalachians) | slavery |
| name the states that will emerge out of the northwest territory | ohio, indianna, illinois, wisconsin, and michigan |
| Those who supported the Constitiution were called | federalists |
| Group of people who did not support the Constitution | Anti-federalists |
| At the Constitution Convention, how did the founders solve the problem of how to count slaves? | 3/5ths compromise - the slave from each state were counted as three fifths of a person when determining a states population |
| At the Constitution Convention how did the founders solve the problem of representation? | Great Compromise - Lower House (House of Representatives) has representation by population, Upper house (Senate) has equal representation |
| Compromise regarding election of the president | electors chosen by the states will vote at the electoral college to determine the president |
| republic | a country elected by representatives, a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them |
| federalism | government power divided between national (central) and state governments |
| The main criticism of the AOC was that it left too much power for the .... | States |
| 2 Main accomplishements of the AOC were... | Land Ordinance of 1785 (method of allowing new states into the union) and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 (set up a system for admitting territories as states) |
| Confederation (as in "The Articles of Confederation") made the states.. | an alliance |
| Under Shay's rebellion, the farmers shut down the court houses to avoid what? | losing their land |
| Virginia Plan | Presented by James Madison - bicameral legislature, membership based on population. Small states said NO! |
| New Jersey Plan | single house legislature with all states having an equal vote. |
| The southern states would not agree to the Constitution unless it allowed for.... | slavery - slave trade had to be continued for 20 years. |
| The Federalist Papers | Collection of newspaper articles and journals written by Publius (really Madison, Hamilton, & Jay) written to encourage the ratification of the Constitution |
| Anti-federalists arguments | centered on the idea that the states would disappear under the power of the federal government and the national government would trample the rights of the people |
| In order to convince people to ratify the constitution, the federalists had to guarantee that they would add a.... | Bill of Rights |
| Reserved Powers | Powers left up to the states |
| Enumerated Powers | Powers listed for the national government. Aka Delegated powers. |
| First amendment guarantees of freedom of speech and religion came from which Enlightenment philosopher? | Voltaire |
| checks and balances | Each branch of government has the ability to limit the other branches, meaning that no branch of government can ever be too powerful. |
| Elastic clause | Article 1, Section 8 of the U.S. constitution - also called the "necessary and proper" clause - gives congress the right to make all laws necessary to carry out its expressed powers. |
| The idea of divided government and checks and balances came from which French philosoph? | Montesquieu |
| What type of people were likely to support the Federalists? | Wealthy businessmen, highly educated, needed strong central government to make a profit from trade. |
| What type of people were likely to support the Anti-federalists? | Generally speaking, the poorer folks (farmers, states rights advocates) |
| Who was known as "the father of the Constitution?" | James Madison |
| In what year did the Constitution go into effect? | 1789 |
| 1st Amendment | Freedoms of speech, press, religion, assembly |
| 2nd Amendment | Right to bare arms (or bear arms, whatevs). :) |
| 3rd Amendment | No quartering of troops |
| 4th Amendment | no unreasonable search and seizure |
| 5th Amendment | You don't have to testify against yourself |
| 6th Amendment | You have a right to a speedy trial and an impartial jury. You have to be informed about what you are accused of and you have the right to confront witnesses against you. |
| 7th Amendment | Right to a trial by jury, no double jeopardy (can't be tried for the same crime twice). |
| 8th Amendment | No Excessive Bail or Fines No Cruel or Unusual Punishment |
| 9th Amendment | Just bc its not in the Bill of Rights does not mean you do not have that right (in other words, you have more rights than just the ones listed in the BoR). |
| 10th Amendment | If its a right not given to the federal government then its a right reserved for the states. |
| Supremacy Clause | Constitution is the supreme law of the land. In other words, the federal law is more powerful than the state laws. |
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