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US His 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Social Gospel | Follow the Bible's teaching to improve society |
| Jane Adams | Leading figure in the settlement house movement |
| Muckrakers | Journalists who reported on the hazardous conditions in factories and cities during the Progressive Era |
| Recall | Called back to office |
| Settlement house | Community center that provided social services to the urban poor |
| Jacob Riss | In the 1800's photographed the horable conditions in the tenement buildings in which the urban poor lived |
| Direct Primary | Election in which citizens vote to select nominees for upcoming elections |
| Initiative | Process in which citizens put a proposed new law directly on the ballot |
| Referendum | Allowed citizens to approve or reject laws passed by the legislature |
| Upton Sinclair | Wrote "The Jungle" exposing the horrors in the meat packing industry,including the living and working conditions in the Chicago stockwards |
| Workers' compensation laws | Reform resulting from the Triangle Shirtwasit Factory fire |
| Which group did Progressive reformers target? | City officials who built corrupt organizations called political machines |
| Working conditions of industrial workers | Unsafe machinery, poorly lite, and poorly ventilated factories |
| Temperance movement | Campaign to stop the use of alcohol |
| Florence Kelly | Formed Women's Trade Union League to push for laws to improve working conditions for women in factories |
| National Consumer League (NCL) | Identified products made under healthy working conditions and encouraged women to buy these products |
| Suffrage | Right to vote |
| Alice Paul | Founder of National Women's Party, which used public protest marches to demand the right to vote |
| Nineteenth Amendment | Stated that the right to vote"shall not be denied or abridged on account of sex" |
| Ida B. Wells | Founded the National Association for Colored Women to help African American families and those who were less fortunate |
| Difference between the NWP and the NAWSA | Strategies used to achieve their goals |
| Muller v. Oregon | Limited working hours for women |
| Americanization | Teach immigrants to adopt white, middle class Protestant lifestyles |
| Booker T. Washington | African American leader who urged hard work and patience in the pursuit of full citizenship rights |
| W.E.B. Du Bois | Young blacks should get a college education and demand immediate Constitutional rights |
| Niagara League | Pushed for immediate racial reforms, especially in education and voting networks of churches & clubs that set up employment agencies & relief efforts |
| Mutualistas | Mexican Americans that make loans & provide legal assistance to other members of their community |
| Who did W.E.B. Du Bois criticize? | Booker T. Washington |
| This led to the formation of the NAACP | Springfield riot |
| NAACP | Nation Association for the Advancement of Colored People-planned to use the courts to challenge laws that were unfair to African Americans |
| 1908 Springfield Riot | Whited attempted to lynch two African American prisoners, mob got angry when they discovered the men were removed from jail for their own safety and killed two people and burned 40 homes. |
| Formed the Anti-Defamation League to protect itself from verbal attacks and false statements | Jewish Americans |
| A 1913 California law forced this group to sell their land | Japanese Americans |
| Became President when William McKinley was assassinated | Theodore Roosevelt |
| The Square Deal | Pres. Roosevelt's program to protect the interests of small business owners and the poor-program for fair government |
| Requires federal inspection of meat-processing plants | Meat Packing Act |
| The work of this naturalist lead Congress to establish Yosemite National Park in 1890 | John Muir |
| 1912 Presidential candidate for the New Nationalism Party | Theodore Roosevelt |
| Hepburn Act | Gave government the authority to set and limit shipping costs |
| Under this President, the federal govern. brought many lawsuits against corporations | William Howard Taft |
| National Reclamation Act | Managed the natual resource of water |
| The concept of "rational use" means... | Forests should be preserved for the public use |
| Theodore Roosevelt supported this. | Big businesses that did business fairly |
| Woodrow Wilson | Sent federal troops to break up the miners' strike in Ludlow, Penn. |
| New Freedom | Wilson's plan for government in the US |
| Sixteenth Amendment | Gave Congress the power to create an income tax |
| Federal Reserve Act | Placed national banks under the control of a central authority |
| FTC | Federal Trade Commission-established to monitor business practices that might lead to monopolies |
| Clayton Antitrust Act | Spelled out activities in which businesses could not engage and allowed workers to organize into unions legally |
| Woodrow Wilson was a member of this party in the 1912 Presidential election | Democrat |
| Wilson lowered this in an attempt to protect workers. | Import tariffs |
| Why did the US banking system need to be reformed in the 1900's? | The nation had no central authority to supervise banks which gave just a few wealthy banks a great deal of control over the national, state, and local bank's reserves |
| Adamson Act | Prevent a nationwide railroad strike |
| Progressivism | Movement that arose in the 1890's to address social problems |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | Legislation passed to control the safety of foods and medicines |
| Pres. elected in 1912 and then attacked the "triple wall of privilege" | Woodrow Wilson |
| Urban League | Helped poor African American families send their children to school |
| Dawes Act | Native American reservations were divided into plots to be sold to whites |
| Why did Pres. Roosevelt get involved in the 1902 coal miners' strike in Pennsylvania? | To maintain a steady flow of coal for factories and homes |
| Triple wall of privilege | Tariffs, banks, and trusts that blocked businesses from being free |
| Margaret Sanger | Activist who opened the country's first birth-control clinic |
| Gifford Pinchot | Lead the Division of Forestry under Pres. Roosevelt |
| NAWSA-National American Womens Suffrage Assoc. | Worked for women's suffrage |
| Ida B. Wells | Black teacher who helped form the National Association of Colored Women |
| Natualist novels | Portrayed human misery and the struggles of common people |
| Walter Rauschenbusch | Outlined the Social Gospel movement in a book titled "Christianity and the Social Crisis" |
| Who was most affected by the passage of the Dawes Act? | Native Americans |
| Lincoln Stephens | Leading muckracker, was managing editor of McClure's magazine which was known for uncovering social prolems |
| Hull House | Settlement house in Chicago, Ill. |
| John Spargo | Muckraker that focused on the difficult lives of child worker |
| Ida Tarbell | Muckraker that reported John D. Rockefeller used ruthless methods to ruin his competition |
| Theodore Dreiser | Midwesterner raised in poverty, published "Sister Carrie" in 1900 which traced the fate of a small-town girl drawn into the brutal urban worlds of Chicago and New York |
| YMCA | Young Men's Christian Association |
| Frances Ellen Watkins | African American author who wrote "Iola Leroy" that portrayed the struggles of black Americans |
| Frank Norris | Naturalist novelist, wrote "The Octopus" which dramatized the Southern Pacific Railroad's stranglehold on struggling California farmers |
| Triangle Shirtwaist Fire | March 1911, New York City, Brought to light the need for worker protection. NY passed laws to make work places safer, some adopted Workers' Compensation Laws |
| Robert M. LaFollette | Wisconsin governor who established a direct primary where citizens themselves voted to select nominees for upcoming elections |
| 17th Amendment | Changed the way Senators were chosen |
| Florence Kelly | Lawyer and member of Progress movement who helped convince Illinois to ban child labor also active in creating the National Consumers League |
| National Consumer League | Gave special labels to goods produced under fair, sage , and healthy working conditions and urged women to buy them and avoid products without the special labels |
| Carrie Chapman Catt | One of the country's first female school superintendents, became president of National American Woman Suffrage Association |
| National American Woman Suffrage | Called for action on two fronts, 1.lobby Congress to pass a constitutional amendment giving women voting rights. 2.try to pass state suffrage laws |
| Bryn Mawr | Women's college |
| Radcliffe University | Testing home of the Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) |
| Women's Trade Union League | Group that tried to improve conditions for female factory workers |
| 18th Amendment | Prohibited the making, selling and consumption of alcohol |
| Nativist | Americans who argued that new arrivals took jobs away from native-born workers and threatened American religious, political and cultural traditions |
| Civil Disobedience | The act of refusing to obey certain laws of a government |
| Hepburn Act | 1906 law that gave government authority to set and limit railroad rates, maximum prices for ferries, bridge tolls and oil pipelines |
| John Muir | California naturalist whose efforts led Congress to create Yosemite National Park |
| National Reclamation Act | Gave federal government the power to decide where and how water would be distributed |
| New Nationalism | Roosevelt's program to restore the government's trustbusting power |
| Progressive Party | Bull Moose Party-Sliver of the Republican Party who supported Theodore Roosevelt's run for president in 1912 |
| Leon Czogosz | Polish American and former steel worker responsible for the assassination of Pres. McKinley |
| Mann-Elkins Act | Gave government control over telephone and telegraph rates |
| Food and Drug Administration | Enforces laws of Pure Food and Drug Act |
| Clayton Anti-Trust Act | Strengthened earlier antitrust laws by spelling out those activities businessess counld not engage |
| Princeton | First admitted women in 1887 |
| Ben Bernanke | served two terms as chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank |
| Inflation | Sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time |
| Deflation | Decrease in the general price level of goods and services |
| Workingman's Compensation Act | Granted assistance of federal civil-service employees during periods of instability but was invalidated by the Supreme Court. |
| Yellowstone | First National park in the United States |
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