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Micro-chiro-BE1
Microbiology for Board Exam 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Epidemic | Rapidly affects many persons in a certain area within a few days or weeks |
| Endemic | a small number of cases in a specific location present all of the time |
| Pandemic | causes more than the expected number of cases of a disease on a worldwide basis |
| Prevalence | the number of people with disease that occurs at a certain time in designated area |
| Incidence | frequency of occurrence over a period of time, the number of new cases of a disease |
| Leading cause of Death infants | Respiratory infection, poison(aspirin MC) |
| leading cause of Death 1-35yoa | accidents |
| leading cause of Death Adults | 1. Heart 2. Cancer 3. Accidents |
| Name 7(8) steps of water purification | 1. filtration - large stuff 2. flocculation 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion - add of anaerobic bact. 5. sand filtration - removes anaerobic bacteria 6. aeration -adds oxygen 7. chlorination - kill bacteria *8. possible fluorination(per city) |
| CDC | center for disease control - epidemics |
| FDA | Food and Drug admin - safety and health products |
| HHS | dept of health and human services- controls FDA, CDC, USPHS |
| HSA | Health service admin - controls OSHA, immigrants, under-served |
| NIH | National institutes of health - finance, research |
| OSHA | occupation safety and health admin - work toxicity levels, hazardous materials |
| USDA(g) | US dept. of agriculture - milk and milk products |
| Name stains and what they stain for (6) | 1. Gram :+ blue, - red 2. Thayer Martin: chocolate/gonorrhea 3. Mannitol salt: Staph 4. Sabourand: Fungi 5. Acid Fast: Mycobacterium 6. Giemsa: protozoans |
| Color of pus (3) | blue: pseudomonas aeruginos yellow: staph. aureus Red: Serratia Marcescens |
| Syphilis tests (6) | Kline, Kahn, Wasserman, TPI, VDRL, Darkfield |
| TB tests (4) | Mantoux test, Tine test, Acid fast(Ziehl Nielson stain), BCG (TB vaccine) |
| Mononucleosis Tests (5) | Paul Bunnell, Monospot, Heterophile, Antibody, Downey Cell |
| Pasteurization Methods (3) | Holding method: 145-30 flash: 161-15 Ultrahigh Method: 191-2-5 |
| Hypersensitivity Reactions type 1-4 | A: 1: anaphylactic C: 2: cytotoxic I: 3: Immune complex Mediated D: 4: Delayed Hypersensitive |
| autotroph | oxidize inorganic matter for energy |
| heterotroph | requires organic matter for energy |
| saprophyte | nutrition from dead decaying matter for energy |
| parasite | feeds on living matter for energy *pathogens are parasites that cause disease |
| facultative | can function in presence or absence of oxygen |
| fermentation | anaerobic decompostition of CHO to alcohols odors |
| symbiosis Mutualism synergism commensalism | 2 pop. living together - one or both benefit 2 pop. living together - both benefit 2 pop. living togerher - both benefit and accomplish what neither can do alone - one benefits and the other is unaffected |
Created by:
brownoldshoes
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