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Gross Anatomy 2
Surface Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| T9 | Xiphoid process |
| Line halfway between the suprasternal notch and the pubis, about one hand breadth below xiphoid | Transpyloric plane |
| L1 | Trnaspyloric plane |
| Transpyloric plane passes through what | pylorus of the stomach, duodenojejunal junction, neck of pancreas and the hila of kidneys |
| L3 | Subcostal plane |
| Line joining the most inferior point of the thoracic cage on each side, inferior margin of rib 10 | Subcostal plane |
| L4 | Plane of the iliac crests |
| Umbilicus lies at which vertebral segments | L3/L4 |
| L5 | Intertubercular/transtubercular plane |
| Line passing through the iliac tubercles | Intertubercular/transtubercular plane |
| Where is the abdominal region of the liver located | right hypochondriac and epigastric regions |
| Surface anatomy of the liver, upper and lower borders | lower - tip of right 10th rib to junction of left 5th rib and left mid clavicular line upper - horizontally to the right at level of 5th ribs, just inferior to nipples |
| Surface anatomy of the gallbladder | tip of costal cartilage 9 |
| Surface anatomy of the spleen | deep to the 9th, 10th and 11th ribs and just posterior to midaxillary line |
| Surface anatomy of the aorta | bifurcation at L4 and just left of the midline |
| Surface anatomy of the pancreas | transpyloric plane passes through the neck and just anterior to the vertebral column |
| Upper pole of the left kidney lies where | Deep to ribs 11 and 12 |
| Upper pole of the right kidney lies where | Deep to rib 12 |
| Lower poles of the kidney's are where | Just above the highest parts of the iliac crests |
| Surface anatomy of the stomach | left hypochondriac region and left half of the epigastric region |
| Surface anatomy of the duodenum | Around L2 which is just below the transpyloric plane |
| In an anterior surface projection, the jejunum and ileum are mostly where | In the umbilical and hypogastric regions |
| Surface anatomy of the cecum | In right iliac fossa, superior to the lateral half of the inguianal ligament |
| Surface anatomy of the appendix | Junction of the lower 1/3 and middle 1/3 of a line connecting the umbilicus and the ASIS |
| Surface anatomy of the ascending colon | Right lumbar region |
| Surface anatomy of the right colic flexure | Costal cartilage 10 |
| Surface anatomy of the transverse colon | Level of the umbilicus |
| Abdominal region of the left colic flexure | left hypochondriac region and deep to costal cartilage 8 |
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