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Chapter 10
Mrs. Spires Chapter 10 SS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Articles of Confederation | plan for national government where states would keep their freedom and independence |
| Ratify | to approve a bill |
| Checks and Balances | — a system to guard against any one branch of the legislative branch government becoming too powerful |
| Amendment | an addition or change to the Constitution |
| Executive Branch | the part of the government that carries out laws |
| Judicial Branch | The part of the government that upholds the laws and is responsible for the court systems. |
| Inflation | happens when prices rise very quickly |
| Federalists | People who supported a strong national government |
| Legislative | the part of the government that makes/passes laws |
| Separation of Powers | each branch of the government has different and separate powers |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | three out of every five slaves would be counted |
| Veto | Refuse to sign into law |
| Shay's Rebellion | group of people who were not happy with the Constitution |
| New Jersey Plan | that proposed that each state, regardless of size, would have the same number of representatives in congress |
| Virginia Plan | Proposed to replace the Articles of the Confederation. Called for a stronger central government with executive & judicial branches. It stated states with larger populations should have more represenatives and greater power over smaller states. |
| Constitutional Convention | assembly that replaced the Articles of Confederation |
| Delegate | A Representative |
| Compromise | Each side gives up something to reach an agreement |
| Bill of Rights | A group of ten amendments to the Constitution that specifies/describes freedoms |
| What did states hope to gain under the Articles of Confederation? | Freedom, independence and a firm league of friendship |
| If you supported the Virginia Plan, what do you believe about representation in government? | There was only ONE branch of government which brought about issues of control. |
| What was the outcome of the Constitutional Convention? | The Articles of Confederation were replaced by the Constitution. |
| Why did many states want the Bill of Rights to be part of the Constitution? | The Bill of Rights places limits on the government. Some people feared that a strong government would become too powerful. The Bill of Rights took away this fear. |
| When did the Constitutional Congress meet to plan a new kind of government? When were their ideas approved? | After adopting the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the Articles of Confederation were ratified in 1781. |
| What was the outcome of Congress pledging to add the Bill of Rights to the Constitution? | Many states agreed and signed the Constitution. |
| Why was it important for the United States to develop trade relations with other countries? | To obtain things that people needed but could not be found in the US. |
| What conclusions did the nationalist draw about the Articles of Confederation? | The Articles of Confederation were making the nation weak and a stronger government was needed. |
| What do you think motivated Daniel Shays to lead a rebellion? | He was angry about property taxes.He had been forced to sell a prized possession in order to pay for his debt. |
| What actions did Shay's "army" take and what other ways might they have solved this problem? | They led an attack to close the courts and raided the weapons arsenal. They might have tried petitioning the governor or meeting with law makers. |
| What did Shay's Rebellion frighten the nationalists and other Americans? | The rebellion showed that some citizens were not going to put up with new policies. |
| Why do you think the Northwest Territory was such a desirable piece of land for the US to own? | Being close to lakes and rivers provided for transportation and industries such as fishing that would bring more wealth to the area. |
| How did the US acquire the land in the Northwest Territory? | The US acquired the land from Great Britain by the Treaty of Paris. |
| Why can the Northwest Ordinance be considered a successful action by Congress under the Articles of Confederation? | It provided a workable plan for converting new territories into states that became full partners in the nation. |
| Why might pleas from George Washington have persuaded Congress to call a meeting and why did he believe that greater unity among states was needed? | Washington was well respected and known for his role in the Revolutionary War. Without unity, the government and new nation might fail. |
| What evidence is there that the delegates were qualified for their task at the Constitutional Convention? | Some had worked on the Declaration of Independence and many had helped to write their states documents. |
| Why did the delegates work in secret at the convention? | They had to be able to speak freely and change their minds if needed during the debates without pressure from outsiders. |
| Why did the delegates maintain secrecy about their work? | They had to be able to speak freely and change their minds during debates. |
| How did Roger Sherman help the Constitutional Convention succeed? | He suggested the "Great Compromise" which helped determine the number of representatives each state would have in Congress. In the Senate, each state would have two senators. In the House of Representatives, population would determine how many delegates |
| Identify the responsibilities of each branch of government. | Legislative makes the laws and establishes taxes. |
| What was James Madison's role in creating the Constitution? | He was one of the leaders of the convention. |
| What was the Three-Fifths Compromise? | It stated that three out of every five slaves could be counted toward population which would give the state more representatives in Congress. |
| What was the goal of the Constitutional Convention? | They intended to revise the Articles of Confederation but instead they ended up writing a whole new document. |
| Why did the writers of the Constitution create a system of "checks and balances?" | They believed that the government's powers should have limits. No one branch of government could gain control over the others. |
| Why was the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution? | It would help Americans protect their freedom and pursue their happiness. |
| What were The Federalist Essays? | A series of essays about the importance of ratifying/approving the Constitution |
| What were the sequence of events that had to take place for the Constitution to become the supreme law of the land? | Writers had to debate what would be included in the new Constitution. Once written each of the authors signed the Constitution and sent it to be approved. Nine of the 13 states needed to ratify the document for it to be declared the law of the land. |
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