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Final Exam Review

Social Studies

TermDefinition
Federal Judiciary Act The Judiciary Act of 1789 established the lower federal courts
Cabinet the executive and policy-making body of a country, consisting of all government ministers or just the senior ministers
Tariff A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports.
Foreign Policy a policy governing international relations.
Political Party A political group that agrees on certain things
George Washington Washington: 1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799).
Alexander Hamilton United States statesman and leader of the Federalists; as the first Secretary of the Treasury he establish a federal bank.
Thomas Jefferson 3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803.
John Adams 2nd President of the United States (1735-1826).
Marbury V. Madison Marbury v. Madison, is a landmark case in United States law. It formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States.
Unconstitutional Not in accordance with a political constitution, esp. the US Constitution, or with procedural rules.
Francis Scott Key United States lawyer and poet who wrote a poem after witnessing the British attack on Baltimore during the War of 1812
James Madison 4th President of the United States; member of the Continental Congress and rapporteur at the Constitutional Convention in 1776.
Judicial Review Review by the Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act.
Louisiana Purchase The territory sold by France to the US in 1803, comprising the western part of the Mississippi valley.
Impressment the act of coercing someone into government service.
Judiciary Act of 1801 The Midnight Judges Act (also known as the Judiciary Act of 1801) represented an effort to solve an issue in the U.S. Supreme Court.
Meriwether Lewis American explorer who accompanied William Clark exploring the Louisiana Purchase.
William Clark American explorer who accompanied Meriwether lewis exploring the Louisiana Purchase.
Sacagawea An American-Indian who guided Lewis and Clark in the Louisiana Purchase.
Industrial Recolution The replacing of hand work with machine work.
Factory System The factory system was a method of manufacturing first adopted in England at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the 1750s.
Interchangeable Parts Parts developed to all be the same
Henry Clay "The Great Compromiser" wrote many compromises
Cotton Gin An invention made to get the seeds out of cotton
Sectionalism States are more important than nationalism
Nationalism Pride for your nation
Eli Whitney Great inventor for his time
American System consisted of three mutually reinforcing parts: a tariff to protect and promote American industry; a national bank to foster commerce; and federal subsidies for roads, canals, and other 'internal improvements' to develop profitable markets for agriculture.
Samuel Morse Invented morse code
Missouri Compromise an agreement in 1820 between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States concerning the extension of slavery into new territories.
Monroe Doctorine Kept out European settlers from America
James Monroe 5th President of the United States; author of the Monroe Doctrine
Robert Fulton American inventor who designed the first commercially successful steamboat and the first steam warship (1765-1815).
Jacksonian Democracy Ruled by the people with out big city banks
spoils system Whoever is the winner gets all the prizes like whatever cabinet members he wants
Indian Removal Act The Indian Removal Act, part of a United States government policy known as Indian removal, was signed into law by President Andrew.
Trail of Tears A path that the Cherokee Indians traveled when they were exiled
Tariff of Abominations The Tariff of 1828, was a protective tariff passed by the Congress of the United States on May 19, 1828 designed to protect industry in the north.
John C. Calhoun John Caldwell Calhoun (March 18, 1782 – March 31, 1850) was the seventh Vice President of the United States and a leading Southern leader
Doctrine of nullification Dealt with states rights' and what they could and couldn't do
secession Formally withdrawing from the union
Panic of 1837 all the banks lost their money and people lost their money as well
Andrew Jackson 7th president of the US; successfully defended New Orleans from the British in 1815, and also expanded the power of the presidency.
John Quincy Adams 6th President of the United States; son of John Adams (1767-1848).
depression A time of sadness
land speculator Someone who looks to buy large amounts of land
Santa Fe Trai A route, established in the 1820s, from St. Louis in Missouri to Santa Fe in New Mexico.
Oregon Trail A trail for settlers that led to Oregon
Manifest destiny The belief that we need to expand westward
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo The treaty that gained the US mexican land after the Mexican war
Mexican cession Land gained from the treaty of guadalupe hidalgo
California Gold Rush People found gold in California and caused a national craze for gold
emigrant A person who leaves their own country to settle permanently in another.
immigrant A person who comes to a certain country
Push-pull factors Factors that make you want to leave a country or move to it
famine An extreme shortage of food
prejudice Judging something before you really know it
Brigham Young The founder of mormanism
James Polk 11th President of the United States; his expansionism led to the Mexican War and the annexation of California.
civil disobedience Peacefully disobeying the law
transcendentalism A 19th-century idealistic philosophical and social movement that taught that divinity pervades all nature and humanity.
temperance movement A temperance movement is a social movement against the use of alcoholic beverages.
labor union Group of workers
strike Not working for a reason
abolition Anti-Slavery
underground railroad A secret organization that helped free slaves
Seneca Falls Convention The Seneca Falls Convention was an early and influential women's rights convention held in Seneca Falls, New York.
suffrage People's Rights
Horace Mann United States educator who introduced reforms that significantly altered the system of public education (1796-1859).
Dorthea Dix Fought for the reform of insane asylums and prisons.
Frederick Douglass A former slave who spoke out against slavery.
Sojourner Truth United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate of the abolition of slavery and women's rights.
Harriet Tubman Ran the underground railroad which freed slaves
Elizabeth Cady Stanton United States suffragist and feminist; called for reform of the practices that perpetuated sexual inequality (1815-1902).
Wilmot Proviso The Wilmot Proviso, one of the major events leading to the Civil War, would have banned slavery in any territory to be acquired from Mexico
Compromise of 1850 Defused a confrontation between slave states and the northern states
Uncle Tom’s Cabin Book written about Southern slavery
Fugitive Slave Act North had to return freed slaves`
popular sovereignty Popular Vote
Kansas-Nebraska Act The Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820.
Dred Scott v. Sanford Ruled that slaves are property and dont have rights
Harpers Ferry Scene of where john brown fought for slaves
Confederate States of America The southern states that seceded from the union
Stephen Douglas an American politician from the western state of Illinois
Harriet Beecher Stowe United States writer of a novel about slavery that advanced the abolitionists' cause (1811-1896).
John Brown Tried to lead a revolt for slaves
Abraham Lincoln President during the civil war
Jefferson Davis American statesman; president of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War.
Ft. Sumter A historic site in the harbor of Charleston in South Carolina. It is the site of the beginning of the Civil War 1861.
blockade An act of sealing off a place to prevent goods or people from entering or leaving.
William T. Sherman William Tecumseh Sherman (February 8, 1820 – February 14, 1891) was an American soldier, businessman, educator and author.
1st Bull Run Bull Run: either of two battles during the American Civil War (1861 and 1862); Confederate forces defeated the Federal army in both battles.
cavalry Soldiers who fought on horseback.
John Wilkes Booth Assassinated President Lincoln
Battle of Antietam The Battle of Antietam (also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg, particularly in the South), fought on September 17, 1862, was the bloodiest battle in the Civil War.
Emancipation Proclamation Freed the slaves
54th Massachusetts Regiment The 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that saw extensive service in the Union Army during the civil war made of free slaves
Battle of Gettysburg Turning point of the Civil War
Gettysburg Address A speech delivered on November 18, 1863, by President Abraham Lincoln at the dedication of the national cemetery on the site of the battle of Gettysburg
Siege of Vicksburg Vicksburg: a decisive battle in the American Civil War (1863); after being besieged for nearly seven weeks the Confederates surrendered.
Appomattox Court House The site where General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant
Robert E. Lee Confederate Leader
Ulysses S. Grant Union Leader and later president
13th Amendment Freed the slaves
14th Amendment In 1866, the amendment was passed and gave blacks the right of citizenship in America.
15th Amendment the constitutional amendment passed after the Civil War that guaranteed blacks the right to vote.
Created by: l0806002
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