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civics chap23
chapter 23
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Private good | goods that when consumed by one individual , cannot be consumed by another. |
| public good | economic goods that are consumed collectively, such as highways and national defense. |
| externality | the unintended side effect of an action that affects someone not involved in the action |
| monopoly | when the market creates a sole provider for a good or service. |
| antitrust law | legislation to prevent new monopolies from forming and police those that already exist. |
| merger | a combination of two or more companies |
| natural monopoly | a market situation in which the costs of productions are minimized by having a single firm produce the product. |
| recall | a special election in which citizens can vote to remove a public official from office; situation in which a company pulls product off market or agrees to change it to make it safe. |
| real GDP | GDP after adjustments for inflation |
| business cycle | alternating periods of growth and decline that the economy goes through. |
| civilian labor force | all civilians 16 years old or older who are either working or are looking for work. |
| unemployment rate | percentage of people in the civilian labor force who aren't working but are looking for jobs. |
| fiscal policy | the federal government's use of spending and taxation policies to affect overall business activity. |
| inflation | sustained increase in the general level of prices. |
| consumer price index | measure of change in price over time of specific group of goods and services. |
| food stamps | government coupons that can be used to purchase food. |
| Women, Infants, and Children | a program that provides help for nutrition and health care to low-income women, infants, and children up to age 5. |
| workfare | programs that require welfare recipients to exchange some of their labor in return for benefits. |
| progressive income tax | a tax that takes a larger percentage of higher incomes than lower incomes. |
| Earned Income Tax Credit | a program that gives tax credits and even cash payments to qualified workers. |