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History Semester US
Semester Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Supply -Side Economics | Trickle-down economics |
| Jazz | popular music of the 1920's, syncopation and improvisation |
| Nativism | belief that ones native land needs to be protected from immigrants. |
| New Morality | challenged traditional values/behavior, particularly the status of Women. |
| Fundamentalism | a religious movement derived from Christian pamphlets. |
| THeory of Evolution | belief that humans developed from lower forms of life, over millions of years. |
| Creationism | belief that God created the world according to the Bible. |
| Volstead Act | Federal law that gave government the power to police alcohol. |
| 18th Ammendment | prohibited the sale, manugacture, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. |
| Harlem Renaissance | NY City neighborhood that became the heart and sould of the African American Renaissance. |
| Flappers | Jazz age females who broke free from traditional behavior. |
| installment plan | to buy on credit and pay the prodict off on smaller payments over time, (considered shameful before 1920, normal after 1920. |
| bootlegging | illegal production and distribution of alcohol, prevalent in rural America, and was the birth of Nascar. |
| assembly line | divides operations into simple tasks and cuts unnecessary motion |
| disposable income | income left over after you pay off all the bills. |
| speakeasies | secret, illegal bar during prohibition (32,000 in NYC alone). |
| Warren G. Harding | President, landslide win, administration marred by scandal |
| Herbert Hoover | US sec. of Commerce, shaped economic policy in trade. |
| Henry Ford | Automobile Tycoon who revolutionized the industry. |
| Orville Wright | 1st man powered flight in world history. |
| Charles Lindbergh | 1st transatlantic solo flight in 1927. |
| John Scopes | Tennessee biology teacher arrested for teaching evolution. |
| Louis Armstrong | Most famous jazz artist, trumpeter, New Orleans to Chicago. |
| Franklin Delano Roosevelt | 32nd US President, creator of the New Deal, only US president to pass 15 major pieces of legislation in his first 100 days in office. |
| Harry Hopkins | Relief administrator of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration,one of FDR's most Trusted advisors. |
| Eleanor Roosevelt | Touring America, she became the DR to address minority concerns. |
| John Maynard Keyes | Many of the New Deal programs were based upon the theories of this British financier, called Keynesianism. |
| courth-packing | FDR's attempt to restructure the Supreme Court, so it favored New Deal legislation |
| 1st 100 days | Period of Presidency, when they began inntroducing their administrative Program, and push for speedy passage. Presidential report card. |
| Fireside Chats | FDR's weekly radio broadcasts, helped lend hope to listeners. |
| make-work projects- | New deal projects that critics believed made little sense, created nothing of value, and created jobt just for the sake of creating jobs. |
| The "Brain Trust" | Roosevelt's advisors, helped him experiment/write the New Deal relief programs |
| deficit spending | When an administration abandons a balanced budget, and begins to borrow money to pay for large, government programs. |
| "Kristallnacht" | The "night of broken glass" |
| "Blitzkrieg" | German military strategy to sweep through the neutral European countries ("Lightning War") |
| "Luftwaffe" | The German Air Force |
| Extermination camps | German camps where the feeble/youth were sent to be gassed and incinerated, or face a firing squad |
| Benito Mussolini | Dictator of Italy, II DUCE |
| Joseph Stalin | Communist Dictator in Russia |
| Adolf Hitler | Dictator of Germany, DER FEHRUR |
| Gen. Francisco Franco | Dictator of Spain |
| Franklin Delano Roosevelt | American President |
| Winston Churchill | Prime Minister of Great Britain |
| Henry Kaiser | Skyscraper builder who built Liberty Ships |
| Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower | US General, Supreme Commander of all Allied forces, and leader of operations in Sicily, Italy, and Normandy |
| "kamikaze" | Japanese "suicide plots" |
| Enola Gay | The B-29 that dropped atomic bombs on Japan |
| G.I.'s | Nick-name of American soldiers during WWII, related to the government issued uniforms and equipment. |
| "Rosie the Riveter" | Female symbol portrayed in Gov't. propoganda. |
| Harry S Truman | 33nd US President. |
| Mao Zedong | Communist CHinese leader |
| Chiang Kai-shek | Nationalist Chinese Leader |
| Gen. Douglas McCarthy | WWII Army General in the Pacific, Hero, was relieved of his command by Truman in 1953 for disobeying orders. |
| J. Edgar Hoover | Director of the Central Intelligence Agency |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower | 34th US president |
| Nikita Khrushchev | Russian leader who seized power in 1956. "peaceful coexistence" |
| Francis Gary Powers | American spy pilot shot down over the USSR in 1958 |
| Soviet Satellites | Eastern European nations, fell to Communist rule after WWII |
| Marshall Plan | European aid, to rebuild economies and contain communism |
| Truman Doctrine | 400 million pledged to contain communism in E. Europe |
| "Hollywood Ten" | Writers and Directors imprisoned for failing to answer ? |
| Central Intelligence Agency | US government agency that carries out covert operations |
| the Demilitarized Zone | DMZ, or longest fortified border in the world |
| Insubordination | Failing to follow the orders of a Superior |
| SPUTNIK | Soviet Satellite, 1st to orbit the earth |
| "Brinkmanship" | Nuclear threats to the verge of war, without avtually going to war |
| Alan Freed and Elvis Presley | One coinged the phrase "Rock 'n Roll" and the other is considered the "King" of Rock 'n Roll. |
| Albert Sabin and Jonas Salk | Scienties who rid the world of Polio |
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moogsquab
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